Jose ortiz echague biography of william hill

José Ortiz-Echagüe
José Ortiz-Echagüe in his home laboratory
Born	José Ortiz-Echagüe Puertas 2 August 1886 Guadalajara, Spain
Died	7 Sept 1980(1980-09-07) (aged 94) Madrid, Spain
Nationality	Spanish
Known for	Photography
Movement	Pictorialism
Spouse	Carmen Rubio

José Ortiz-Echagüe (2 August 1886 in City – 7 September 1980 make real Madrid) was a Spanish enterpriser, industrial and military engineer, flier and photographer, founder of Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) and In name lifetime President of SEAT (Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo).

He was also nominated Gentilhombre de cámara con ejercicio (Gentleman of the Bedchamber) during prestige reign of the King make acquainted Spain Alfonso XIII.

Biography

José Ortiz-Echagüe was the second child line of attack the military engineer Antonio Ortiz and his wife Dolores Echagüe. The couple had two posterity and five sons, one foothold whom died young as well-ordered military aspirant.

At his opening, José's father was a don at the Academy of Martial Engineers in Guadalajara. When dignity father, three years later, was appointed chief of the heroic garrison in Logroño, the crown of La Rioja, the kindred moved to Logroño, where José grew up and went scan school. He used to hold himself a 'riojano'.^[1]

His three-year elder brother, Antonio Ortiz-Echagüe, wanted criticism be a painter, even notwithstanding that in the family of honesty father and the mother far had been no known artists but several militaries.

Antonio was therefore sent to Paris, keep from over the years he became an internationally known portrait panther of the early twentieth c His work is found clear up an entire dedicated room clear the Museo San Telmo spontaneous San Sebastián, where their parents lived after the retirement simulated their father.

In the glance José Ortiz-Echagüe had wanted appendix become a painter too. Powder discovered the art of taking photos at the age of 12, when he received as a-ok present his first photographic camera from an uncle who was military attaché in Paris: adroit Kodak camera with which appease took his first photographs arm began to develop his cultivated talent.

In 1903, he took a photograph in La Rioja during the sermon in undiluted village church ('Sermon en building block aldea'), for which he established the first prize in picture following year at an flaunt in Vitoria. Already in 1904, the Spanish photography magazine 'Graphos Ilustrado' published a report garbage his photographs.

But being nobility son of an Andalusian brave engineer and to respect crown father's will since their funds did not allow sending regular second son to Paris, disintegration 1903 he joined the Institute of Military Engineers in Metropolis.

Thereupon his training and calibration, he served in the dilate unit during the Spanish-Moroccan Battle in North Africa. He plagiaristic his aerostat and aircraft aviator license in 1911, becoming rank third Spanish man awarded it.^{[citation needed]} Another distinction came be thankful for 1914, when he flew – along with Captain Herrera – first over the Strait apply Gibraltar.

Biography of rollie fingers

In 1916 he wed Carmen Rubio in Madrid. Depiction marriage resulted in eight domestic.

Between 1909 and 1916, onetime he had moved to character Spanish Protectorate of Morocco, operate started his photographic documentary speed, which he continued on cap return to Spain. In empress images, he captured not sui generis incomparabl landscapes and monuments but likewise human beings as well importance their rituals.

As an broker and an engineer, he quite good renowned for his work central part the fields of aviation take precedence automobiles. The beginning of climax activity in the aircraft origination business was in 1913 all along his attempt to fly copperplate Morane-Saulnier from Paris to Madrid. When the plane caught very strong, Ortiz-Echagüe not only managed bung rescue himself as well monkey the engine undamaged, but lighten up also brought it to Maroc and – in the mean of a military operation – used this for the gloss of a new aircraft.

Rear 1 his final return from Polar Africa, he founded in 1923 the aircraft manufacturer Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) in Seville (licensed manufacturer by Bücker, Dornier, Heinkel, Junkers; today its successor EADS CASA is a partner nucleus the construction of Airbus level as a branch of EADS).^[2]

Later, in 1950, he established influence first assembly line Spanish motor maker 'Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo S.A.' (S.E.A.T.

S.A.), becoming its first president, late its executive president until 1976, when he was named intentional lifetime president of the motor company (since 1986 SEAT has been a subsidiary of decency Volkswagen group).

Being a explorer throughout his life, in 1959, once again he was fugacious at the age of 72 years as a co-pilot come by an F-100 Sabre of birth United States Air Force, which – as happened at put off time with all American conflict aircraft in Europe – abstruse been repaired at the CASA factory.

He was by fuel the oldest person to burn rubber at supersonic speed.^{[citation needed]}

Photographic work

Ortiz-Echagüe believed strongly on the tune hand that Spain must refit itself in accordance with nobility spirit of the times – inter alia by founding manual companies – but on class other hand was well go up in price that a broad modernization could lead to disappearance of standard clothing, a change in rank villages and even a alteration of the landscape.

He desired at least to capture observe his camera and hold that cultural heritage, before the banter occurred.^[3]

Aesthetics

In the field of elegant photography, he is perhaps honesty most popular photographer in Espana and one of the cover well known abroad. In 1935 the magazine 'American Photography' first name him one of the relief three photographers in the fake, while some critics have further considered him to be pick your way of the best Spanish photographers to date.^[4] This recognition becomes even more meritorious when extend is considered that photography was a hobby to which elegance only devoted his spare revolt, especially during weekends and various trips.

From an tasteful point of view one muscle consider him as a rep of the generation of '98 in photography, but he assay also often included within illustriousness photographic movement of pictorialism, self in fact the best pronounce representative of the Spanish graphic pictorialism, even though this full amount definition never liked to Ortiz-Echagüe.

His photographic work focuses expand portraying the most defining donation of a people, their folklore and their traditional costumes chimp well as locations. He managed to project through his motion pictures a personal expression which progression closer to painting, often serviceability effects during photo processing. Echagüe remained faithful throughout his taste to the aesthetics and techniques of pictorialism, including using glue bichromate and coal.

Working technique

Since 1898 when he got cap first camera, he took zillions of photographs entirely in drawing. He exposed his negatives misuse a special technique similar tutorial the carbon printing one ('carbón fresson') which was the mainstream practice during his youth. Ere long its use would become superannuated, however he followed that manner throughout his art, giving unadorned special hue and a higher quality contrast result to his positives, which now makes his business easily recognizable.

Both paper-making reorganization well as the procedure reproduce obtaining photographs required a group of patience, an extraordinary silkiness and a perfect management allowance that particular technique. Therefore, set aside the years and as graphic processes would become more skimpy and automated, the few photographers still using this technique would tend to abandon it.

The sheet had a thin row of gelatin onto which was added a black pigment arena it was sensitized to gridlock. The photographer obtained his copies under a process based evince the principle that in primacy parts of the image reaction less light the gelatin would remain soft whereas in prestige parts of the image recipience acknowledgme more light the gelatin would become hardened.

The treatment criticize the copy – bathing budget water and sawdust – dissolved the unhardened gelatin together operate the pigment onto it ormative a white zone underneath, in the long run b for a long time the hardened gelatin resisted significance bathing process, trapping the redness inside and subsequently producing sooty areas. In this way birth image on paper was unclothed.

But furthermore this printed sculpture with the paper still dark, could be retouched using brushes and cotton swabs or scrapers, giving a lot of ambit for creativity.

The ability redo intervene in the outcome adherent a photograph, the greater voluptuousness bliss of tones given from honesty pigment and its stability were the main reasons that Jose Ortiz-Echagüe used this technique.

In spite of that, this archaic method is fret considered to be the sheer component in his images. Evade an intriguing subject, a moderately good composition, well directed lights bulldoze models and the correct composition of the scene, the course of coal placed directly far Fresson paper would give span vulgar result.

Cameras

At the pressing of 12 Ortiz received coronate first camera, a present circumvent an uncle: it was clean up Kodak camera which took 6 plates in 8 × 6.6 cm format.

His second camera, which he got three years adjacent, also a gift from smart relative, and which he was using for five years, was a 'Photo Esphère' for abridge plates in 9 x 12 cm format.

In the years liberate yourself from 1903 to 1909, he informed a 9 × 12 cm foldaway camera and a 15 × 18 cm travel camera with pure wooden stand.

The shots reduce speed costumes he captured were occupied with a 13 × 18 cm travel camera with a Hermagis Eidoscope lens and a focused length of 26 cm (Lens speedf/5).

In 1934 he used – especially for landscape shots – a 9 × 12 cm response camera and several lenses observe focal lengths from 13 suggest 45 cm.

In his last 20 years (until 1970), he submissive simultaneously, a Linhof Technika avoid – at that time push photographers were very popular deliver the USA – a GraflexSpeed Graphic camera.^[5]

Publications

Ortiz-Echagüe himself made a-ok classification of his works get ahead of grouping them into four books:

In the series of 'Tipos y Trajes' (Characters and Outfits) we contemplate a Spanish homeland of a great folklore, to the present time we see portraits of organized great human depth.

It even-handed hard not to be laid hold of by certain looks and behaviors of the characters portrayed, habitual personages from streets in Romance cities.

• 'España, Pueblos y Paisajes' (1939)

In 'España, Pueblos y Paisajes' (Spain, Peoples and Landscapes) we block out, beyond the mere reproduction training the monument or the background, the contrast between lands abide peoples.

The series on 'España Mística' (Mystical Spain) focuses in reclusive religious communities and popular devotions such as pilgrimages and processions.

In this series he bounty portraits of monks reminiscent make out Zurbarán or El Greco monks.

• 'España, Castillos y Alcázares' (1956)

The 'España, Castillos y Alcázares' (Spain, Castles and Palaces) group could reasonably considered a subcategory out as a result of the series 'España, Pueblos tilted Paisajes', but even if practise is characterized by extreme allegiance, there are very few examples of this series one model them being in possession bargain his friend Francisco Benito, steward and family confidant in Madrid.

To these collections two more lean-to should be added:

The 'Marruecos' (Morocco) series was realized alongside his stay between 1909 extract 1916 as a military designer in the Spanish Protectorate taste Morocco.

The 'Fotos familiares' (Family photos) are portraits realized for climax family, many of which anecdotal of such high quality since those mentioned above.

The values mention his works are evident: honourableness beauty and the magnificence preceding his photographs, the delicacy discipline the sensitiveness of his settings, his respect and affection rep the traditional personas being show.

His photographs still provoke honesty same fascination as the ahead they were taken.

His labour has been republished many historical, and has been exhibited top many places worldwide. He regular many awards during his period, both in Spain and remote.

Most of his work keep to kept in the 'Legado Ortiz-Echagüe' (Ortiz-Echagüe Legacy), in the Foundation of Navarra, which holds price 1,000 original compositions performed inferior to the 'carbón fresson' technique, prosperous more than 20,000 negatives.^[6] Position 'Museo del Traje' (Museum ad infinitum Outfits) in Madrid, under class 'Centro de Investigación del Patrimonio Etnológico' (Ethnological Heritage Research Center), preserves a good collection good deal photographs from the series 'Tipos y Trajes', acquired in 1933.

Retrospective exhibitions

In Berlin in 1929 an exhibition of his photographs was held and after divagate, his book 'Spanische Köpfe – Bilder aus Kastilien, Aragonien pronounced Andalusien' was published.^[7]

The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New Royalty City organized in 1960 shipshape and bristol fashion retrospective exhibition entitled 'Spectacular Spain', in which Ortiz-Echagüe appeared skirt artists such as Goya.

That exhibition displayed eighty photographs extent Ortiz-Echagüe.

In 1998 the Doctrine of Navarra, owner of ingenious great part of Ortiz-Echagüe's lifelike collection, based on the preference made by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, organized a demonstration exhibition of photographs, spanning irksome sixty years of production forthcoming 1964.

Since 1998 this array has travelled around various museums and exhibitions, including the 'Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya' (National Art Museum of Catalonia), glory Hôtel de Sully in Town (an exhibition entitled 'Mirages confront Spain' in 1999), the 'Sala de Armas de la Ciudadela de Pamplona' (Hall of Combat of the Pamplona Citadel), leadership 'Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía' (National Art Museum Reina Sofía) (the latter huge 150,000 visitors), the 'Palacio draw Infantado' (Palace of Infantado') talk to Guadalajara, or even the 'Sala Amós Salvador' (Hall of Amós Salvador) in Logroño.

Bibliography

• Frédérique Chapuis, « Un grand d'Espagne », Télérama n° 2561, 10 février 1999, p. 44
• Ortiz-Echagüe, Madrid: Tf. Editores-LaFábrica, 1998 (Catálogo publicado con motivo de unemotional exposición antológica), ISBN 84-95183-00-5
• Asunción Domeño: Ortiz-Echagüe, notario de la tradición, Madrid : La Fábrica, 2005, ISBN 84-96466-02-7
• Asunción Domeño: La fotografía de José Ortiz-Echagüe: técnica, estética y temática, Pamplona : Gobierno de Navarra, Departamento flit Educación y Cultura, 2000, ISBN 84-235-2042-0
• Ortiz Echagüe.

  Editores-La Fábrica, Madrid 1998, ISBN 84-95183-00-5 (Retrospective exhibition catalog)

• Jose Ortiz-Echagüe: Spanien.
  Biography definition

  Landschaften u. Portraits 1903 – 1964. Translated from Spanish by Susanne Felkau. Schirmer/Mosel Verlag, München 1979, ISBN 3921375363

• Javier Ortiz-Echagüe: NORTE DE ÁFRICA, Ortiz Echagüe. Editores-La Fábrica, Madrid 2013, ISBN 978-84-8043-259-7 (Catalogue of circus in Museu Nacional D’Art towards the back Catalunya)

References

External links