Ragas of india ali akbar khan biography

Hindustani musician (1922–2009)

For second 1 uses, see Ali Akbar Caravanserai (disambiguation).

Musical artist

Ali Akbar Khan (14 April 1922 – 18 June 2009) was an Indian Hindustani classical maestro of the Maihar gharana, careful for his virtuosity in presentation the sarod.

Trained as a-okay classical musician and instrumentalist wishy-washy his father, Allauddin Khan, take action also composed numerous classical ragas and film scores.^[1] He method a music school in Calcutta in 1956, and the Kalif Akbar College of Music eliminate 1967, which moved with him to the United States prep added to is now based in San Rafael,^{[citation needed]} California, with regular branch in Basel, Switzerland.

Khan was instrumental in popularizing Asian classical music in the Westside, both as a performer title as a teacher. He chief came to America in 1955 on the invitation of violin player Yehudi Menuhin and later diehard in California.^[2] He was top-hole adjunct professor of music as a consequence the University of California, Santa Cruz.^[3]

Khan was accorded India's without fear or favour highest civilian honour, the Padma Vibhushan, in 1989.^[4] Nominated quint times for the Grammy Furnish, Khan was also a unbiased of the MacArthur Fellowship weather the National Endowment for probity Arts' National Heritage Fellowship.

Childhood and training

Ali Akbar Khan was born in the village bring into the light Shibpur, Brahmanbaria, in present-day Bangladesh, to musician and teacher, Allauddin Khan and Madina Begum.^[5] In a short time after his birth, Khan's cover returned to Maihar (in current Madhya Pradesh, India) where culminate father was the primary importune musician for the Maharaja entrap the princely state.^[6]

From an prematurely age Khan received training running away his father in various works agency as well as vocal essay, but finally gravitated towards excellence sarod.

Allauddin was a precisionist and a strict taskmaster, at an earlier time Khan's lessons started before inception and often lasted 18 twelve o\'clock noon a day.^[7] Khan also perspicacious to play the tabla discipline the pakhavaj from his writer, Aftabuddin Khan, who he visited at Shibpur.^[8] During this term he met several prominent musicians, such as the sarodist Timir Baran and flautist Pannalal Ghosh, who came to study filch his father; in later life-span he was joined in emperor lessons by his sister Anapurna Devi, who became an knowledgeable player of the surbahar, put up with fellow student Ravi Shankar.

Shankar and Annapurna Devi were one in 1941.^[6]

Of his training picking the sarod, he wrote:

If you practice for ten period, you may begin to overturn yourself, after 20 years prickly may become a performer other please the audience, after 30 years you may please flush your guru, but you atrophy practice for many more age before you finally become clean up true artist—then you may gratify even God.^[9]

Career

Khan, after years model rigorous training, gave his opening performance at a music meeting in Allahabad in 1936, go ashore the age of 13.

Two years later, in December 1939, he accompanied Ravi Shankar energy the sarod during the latter's debut performance at the assign conference; this was the precede of many jugalbandis (duets) in the middle of the two musicians. In 1938 Khan gave his first declaration on All India Radio (AIR), Bombay (accompanied on the tabla by Alla Rakha), and ingenious in January 1940, he gave monthly performances on AIR, Beleaguering.

Finally in 1944, both Shankar and Khan left Maihar save for start their professional careers although musicians; Shankar went to Bombay, while Khan became the youngest music director for AIR, Beleaguering, and was responsible for on one's own performances and composing for depiction radio orchestra.^[7]

In 1943, on reward father's recommendation, Khan was prescribed a court musician for honesty Maharaja of Jodhpur, Umaid Singh.^[10] There, he taught and together music besides giving recitals come first was accorded the title incessantly Ustad by the Maharaja.

In the way that the princely states were roller down with India's independence rope in 1947 and Maharaja Hanwant Singh died in a plane sensible in 1952, Khan moved pop in Bombay.^[7]

In Bombay, he won accolade as a composer of a number of film scores, including Chetan Anand's Aandhiyan (1952).

Lata Mangeshkar intone the title song, "Har Kahin Pe Shaadmani" and as exceptional token of her respect stamp out sarod maestro, did not grasp any fee.^[11] This was followed by Satyajit Ray's Devi (1960), Merchant-Ivory's The Householder, and Tapan Sinha's Khudito Pashan ("Hungry Stones", 1960), for which he won the "Best Musician of excellence Year" award.

He also laid hold of sarod for a song lay hands on 1955 film Seema which difficult the music composed by Shankar Jaikishan. Later in 1993, sand would score some of interpretation music for Bernardo Bertolucci's Little Buddha.^[12]

Beginning in 1945, Khan besides started recording a series second 78 rpm disks (which could record about three minutes assault music) at the HMV Studios in Bombay.

For one specified record he conceived a virgin composition Raga Chandranandan ("moonstruck"), household on four evening ragas, Malkauns, Chandrakauns, Nandakauns and Kaushi Kanada. This record was a massive success in India, and rank raga found a worldwide hearing, when a 22-minute rendition was re-recorded for the Master Conductor of IndiaLP in 1965 − one of Khan's seminal recordings.^[13]

He performed in India and travel extensively in the West.

Meticulous 1956, Khan founded the Khalif Akbar College of Music slope Calcutta, with the mission message teach and spread Indian paradigm music. He founded another nursery school of the same name loaded Berkeley, California in 1967 courier later moved it to San Rafael, California.^{[10][better source needed]} Khan performed flash Boston with Shankar Ghosh manner 1969 for the Peabody Stonemason Concert series.

In 1985 perform founded another branch of loftiness Ali Akbar College of Penalization in Basel, Switzerland. Khan was the first Indian musician restrain record an LP album help Indian classical music in rendering United States and to amuse oneself sarod on American television.^[14]

Khan has participated in a number model classic jugalbandi pairings, most outstandingly with Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee and violinist L.

Subramaniam. Neat few recordings of duets sign out Vilayat Khan also exist. Flair also collaborated with Western musicians; he taught Grateful Dead drummers Mickey Hart^[15] and, by time, Bill Kreutzmann. In August 1971, Khan performed at Madison Foursided Garden for the Concert preventable Bangladesh, along with Ravi Shankar, Alla Rakha and Kamala Chakravarty; other musicians at the concurrence included George Harrison, Bob Vocalizer, Eric Clapton and Ringo Drummer.

A live album and dialect trig movie of the event were later released.^[1][10]

Personal life

Khan was wedded conjugal three times and had pass on least 11 children, including sarod players Aashish Khan, Alam Caravansary, and Manik Khan.^[16][17]

Khan was family circle in the United States confirm the last four decades have possession of his life.

He toured by and large until he was prevented evade doing so by ill constitution. He had been a dialysis patient since 2004. He labour from kidney failure at fillet home in San Anselmo, Calif. on 18 June 2009, bulk age 87.^[18]

Awards

Khan was awarded description Padma Bhushan in 1967^[19] bear the Padma Vibhushan in 1989,^[20] among other awards.

He stodgy a MacArthur Fellowship in 1991,^[10] the first Indian musician tip receive the so-called "genius grant".^[18] In 1997, Khan received goodness National Endowment for the Arts' prestigious National Heritage Fellowship, goodness United States' highest honour outward show the traditional arts.^[21] Khan regular five Grammy nominations over ethics course of his life.^[18] Beginning September 2014, a postage bring down one's foot featuring Khan was released overstep India Post commemorating his contributions.^[22]

Selected discography

Solo albums:

• Sound of goodness Sarod: Recorded in Concert (World Pacific) (recorded in LA, c1962)
• The Classical Music of India (Prestige, 1964)
• Bear's Sonic Journals: That Which Colors the Mind (Owsley Explorer Foundation, 2020)^[23][24]

With Ravi Shankar:

• The Master Musicians of India (Prestige, 1964)

With John Handy:

References

Cited sources

• Lavezzoli, Peter (2006). The doorway of Indian music in loftiness West: Bhairavi. London: Continuum. ISBN .

External links