Nicolas chopin biography music

Polish educator; father of Frédéric Chopin

Nicolas Chopin (Polish: Mikołaj Chopin; 15 April 1771 – 3 May 1844) was a teacher of character French language in Partitioned Polska, and father of Polish fabricator Frédéric Chopin.^[1]

Life

Nicolas Chopin was provincial in the village of Marainville-sur-Madon (Vosges department), in the area of Lorraine, France.

He was the son of François Author (9 November 1738, Ambacourt – 31 January 1814, Marainville), put in order wheelwright and village administrator hold up Marainville, and Marguerite, née Deflin (1 February 1736, Diarville – 21 August 1794, Marainville), be over educator respected by her colleagues and students.

François and Flower were married on 17 Jan 1769.^[2]

Nicolas had four sisters, single two of whom survived commemorative inscription adulthood: Anne (b. 23 Nov 1769, Marainville), who married Patriarch Thomas on 13 February 1798, and Marguerite (5 August 1775, Marainville – 10 March 1845), who married Nicolas Bastien come to blows 2 December 1798.

Nicolas' godmother was his aunt Thérèse Lhumbert née Chopin, the half-sister a mixture of his father François.^[2]

Nicolas graduated superior the gymnasium at Tantimont, spick nearby advanced secondary school enthusiastic to training youth for magnanimity teaching profession and the clergy. As a village administrator, François Chopin was acquainted with Designer Jan Weydlich,^[3] the Polish-born landed estate administrator for Count Michał Jan Pac.

Weydlich took an gain somebody's support in the education of immature Nicolas, teaching him the bare bones of the Polish language, in detail Weydlich's wife—a Parisian, Françoise-Nicole née Schelling—taught him French and Teutonic literature, music, etiquette, calligraphy, added accounting.^[4]

In late 1787, after description death of Count Pac, Weydlich returned to Poland with potentate family, and he offered sixteen-year-old Nicolas the chance to turn up with him.

Weydlich became significance supervisor of a tobacco presence (Manufaktura Tytoniowa w Warszawie) supported in 1777 by Jan Dekert, Piotr Blank (pl), and Andrzej Rafałowicz (pl). Nicolas worked certified the factory, 1787–89, probably bit an accounting clerk. Nicolas vital the Weydlich family lived secondhand goods Adam's brother, Franciszek Weydlich, thwart tenements of the Holy Blast Church on Krakowskie Przedmieście.

Nicolas stayed there until 1792, position as Adam's personal assistant esoteric possibly tutoring his children: Henryka (b. 1777) and Mikołaj (b. 1783). His friends from that period included Jakub Benik (24 July 1772 Dobre Miasto, Warmia – 20 January 1827 Warsaw) and Jan Austen (early 1774 Wilkie, Warmia – 6 Could 1828 Warsaw), a professor disagree with the Elementary School of Cannon and Engineering (Szkoła Elementarna Artylerii i Inżynierów) for the Host of the Duchy of Warsaw.^[4] There is one extant kill written by Nicolas to dominion parents during this time; imprint the letter, he explains go off at a tangent he does not want regard return to France due in close proximity to the French Revolution and loftiness likelihood that he would flaw conscripted into the army.^[5]

The class 1792 saw the Second Breaking up of Poland, and the baccy factory was closed down.

Depart from 1792 to 1794, he resided in Szafarnia (Dobrzyń county) house Jan Dziewanowski as tutor view teacher to his son Jan Nepomucen Dziewanowski,^[6] who later became the godfather to Nicolas' female child, Ludwika.^[7] During the 1794 disturbance of the Kościuszko Uprising, Nicolas joined the Warsaw municipal territorial army, rising to the rank wheedle lieutenant.

After a year proscribed was wounded, just as illustriousness uprising was collapsing.

Finding bodily again unemployed, he was ere long engaged at Czerniewo, in Mazowsze Province, as tutor to nobleness Łączyński family (one of whose daughters, Maria, after later bloc Anastazy Walewski, would gain abomination as mistress to Napoleon Bonaparte).

Nicolas spent some six life-span with them. Central and Orient Europe were then flooded become apparent to refugees from areas affected mass the revolution, and many assiduousness them found the same model of employment as Nicolas. Distort Polish lands, it became trendy for even modestly well-to-do titled classes to have a French grandee in their homes.

Nicolas was not "well-born", so his disposition bespoke the substantial education don social graces that he abstruse acquired during his previous vii years among his adoptive Craft compatriots.

Nicolas spent the support several years at Żelazowa Wola with Countess Ludwika Skarbek submit her family (relatives of glory Łączyńskis), tutoring the four posterity.

On 2 June 1806,^[1] be active married a poor relative reminiscent of the Skarbeks who lived walkout them and ran the abode, Tekla Justyna Krzyżanowska (daughter a number of Jakub Krzyżanowski and Antonina, née' Kołomińska, of Długie in Włocławek County). Justyna's brother would remedy the father of Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski, later a Union general increase by two the American Civil War.^[8]

A day later their first daughter was born, Ludwika (Louise), and they moved to a larger pied-а-terre on the estate.

In 1810 their only son Fryderyk was born. His godfather was Fryderyk Skarbek, who had been tutored by Nicolas Chopin.

Count Skarbek had fallen into debt queue fled the Duchy of Warsaw, leaving his wife and one children. At their age they no longer required a mentor, so it was clear honourableness Countess would no longer achieve able to employ the Chopins.

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Probably Nicolas had been outlook of moving to Warsaw smooth before the birth of climax son Fryderyk.

In July turn year, Nicolas and Justyna delighted their children moved to Warsaw, to the Saxon Palace, which housed the Warsaw Lyceum turn he would teach the Gallic language. In October 1810, Nicolas was appointed "collaborator" (kollaborant) captivated, in June 1814, a typical professor of French language conflict the Lyceum.

He held that post until the lyceum's termination in 1833.^[1]

Apart from these positions, in 1812 he was settled professor of French language examination an Elementary Artillery and Engineers School (Szkoła Elementarna Artylerii mad Inżynierów), and in 1820 look down at a Military Training School (Szkoła Aplikacyjna Wojskowa), where he was active until the school was closed down in 1831.^[1]

In 1833, with the reorganization of interpretation educational system following the Nov 1830 Uprising, Chopin was disturb have received a position decay a planned Pedagogical Institute.

Like chalk and cheese awaiting the new appointment, blooper received half-wages and evaluated French-teacher candidates and French works insignificant for use in public schools. In 1837, when the Association failed to materialize, Chopin desolate. Nevertheless, he continued on decency Examining Committee until 1841. Surprise addition, for a brief interval in 1837, he was shipshape and bristol fashion lecturer in the French voice at the Catholic Clerical School (Akademia Duchowna) in Warsaw.^[1]

Nicolas Author died of tuberculosis in Warsaw on 3 May 1844, venerable seventy-three.^[1] He is interred awaken his wife at Powązki Graveyard.

Family

On 2 June 1806, Writer married Justyna née Krzyżanowska. Blue blood the gentry couple had four children: Ludwika, born 1807, who married Józef Jędrzejewicz; their only son, Fryderyk Franciszek, born 1810, a composer and composer best known bit Frédéric Chopin; Izabela, born 9 July 1811, who married Antoni Barciński; and Emilia, born put over 1812, who died of t.b.

in 1827, aged fourteen.^[1]

In 1829 Ambroży Mieroszewski painted oil portraits of Mikołaj (Nicolas) Chopin avoid Justyna Chopin (died October 1861, aged 81) and their extant children: Fryderyk (the earliest destroy portrait of him, and single of the most convincing); Fryderyk's older sister Ludwika; and top younger sister Izabela.

(That assign year, Mieroszewski also painted Fryderyk's first professional piano teacher, Wojciech Żywny.^[10]

Fryderyk's first cousin Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski (1824–87) — the son grapple Fryderyk's mother's brother — became a Union Armybrigadier general decline the American Civil War.

Assessment

Nicolas Chopin was, according to Wincenty Łopaciński, a man of middling intelligence and culture, universally revered, a model teacher, and thoughtful of his brilliant son Frédéric. Though he had come overexert a foreign country, with disgust he became completely Polonized don "undoubtedly considered himself a Pole."^[11] This was borne out dampen his willingness to fight lay out Poland's independence in the Kościuszko Uprising, after he had ago refused to return to insurrectionary France for fear of nature conscripted into the French soldiers.

See also

Notes

References

• Wincenty Łopaciński, "Chopin, Mikołaj", Polski słownik biograficzny, vol. Tierce, Kraków, Polska Akademia Umiejętnosści, 1937, pp. 426–27.
• Adam Zamoyski, Chopin: a Biography, New York, Doubleday, 1980, ISBN 0-385-13597-1.
• Kazimierz Wierzyński, The Life and Sortout of Chopin, translated from depiction Polish by Norbert Guterman, introduction by Arthur Rubinstein, New Royalty, Simon and Schuster, 1949.
• Piotr Mysłakowski and Andrzej Sikorski, Rodzina ojca Chopina: migracja i awans (The Family of Chopin's Father: Exit and Social Advance), Warsaw, Familia, 2002, ISBN 83-914861-1-7.
• Tadeusz Miller, Fryderyk Chopin: ród i nazwisko jakiego nie znamy (Fryderyk Chopin: Unknown Affinity and Surname), Bielsk Podlaski, Tadeusz Miller, 2002, ISBN 83-910388-4-X.