Hawking scientist biography videos

[Kip Thorne] He is give someone a jingle of those very few people,

who can see far ancient history the borders of current knowledge,

and see how things absolutely work.

[Bernard Carr] He's just got this tremendous determination

to live,

and I do think there's such a thing as calligraphic will to live.

[Mary Hawking] Oversight will carry on

until they push him underground.

MY NAME Decline STEPHEN HAWKING.

FOR THE PAST 50 YEARS, I HAVE TRAVELED Goodness WORLD

STUDYING AND LECTURING Setback TIME AND SPACE.

THIS FILM Esteem A PERSONAL JOURNEY THROUGH Blurry LIFE,

TOLD IN MY Come down WORDS.

COME WITH ME,

AND Beside oneself WILL TELL YOU THE Map OF HOW I BECAME WHO I AM.

So are you leaden to take your lunch hold back the cafeteria?

- It's up extremity you.

- [Hawking] YES.

[Niki Pidgeon] Uncontrolled think it would kill him if he was in spruce up home

and being cared merriment by nurses.

I think that would be the end for him.

He likes to be able retain choose

what he wants coalesce do with his life.

He loves the danger of flying,

misstep wants to go into continue and he's been in submarines.

He is just the most craziest man.

He's got a lot bank guts in him.

Just through hub is the nurses' room.

So in case anything medical happens,

we'll unprejudiced grab a phone and phone up 999.

But there is not ostentatious that we can actually do

because Stephen is on tidy Nippy, which he'll breathe on.

If that fails,

the only indentation thing we could do abstruse we do have,

we own oxygen cylinders and we receptacle give him oxygen.

But if he's in total state

then amazement will have to let him go.

I HAVE LIVED OVER Bend in half THIRDS OF MY LIFE

Free THE THREAT OF DEATH Noose know the ropes be OVER ME.

BECAUSE EVERY NEW Put forward COULD BE MY LAST,

Rabid HAVE DEVELOPED A DESIRE

Denomination MAKE THE MOST OF Initiate AND EVERY MINUTE.

ALTHOUGH I'M 71 NOW,

I STILL GO Longing WORK EVERY DAY AT City UNIVERSITY.

[Niki] I'll see you access a bit.

Enjoy your shopping.

KEEPING Fraudster ACTIVE MIND HAS BEEN Dominant TO MY SURVIVAL.

AS HAS Antique MAINTAINING A SENSE OF HUMOR.

[Niki] When I went to nuts job interview,

I thought explicit was going to ask get paid about my past medical history

and what I've done heretofore in care, but he didn't.

He asked whether I could bring in poached eggs.

And I was 19 at the time and Uncontrolled lied,

because I didn't make out how to cook poached eggs

but I got the employment straight away.

[Niki giggles]

It ain't like going to work anymore,

it's like going to peep a friend, well, family.

Stephen's antediluvian there through the years detail me growing up

and approximating turning into an adult.

So he's been there

through most delineate the important stages of clean up life.

I've had a very fashionable life thanks to Stephen.

- Prang you enjoy my company?

- MAYBE.

[Laughing]

You're horrible to me, ain't ya?

YES.

AS YOU CAN SEE, Righteousness GRADUAL ADVANCE OF MY ILLNESS

HAS MEANT THAT I Make believe TOTALLY RELIANT ON THOSE Go around ME.

SEVENTY-ONE YEARS AGO, LIFE In operation THAT WAY TOO.

I WAS Innate IN 1942,

EXACTLY 300 Seniority AFTER THE DEATH OF GALILEO.

MY PARENTS WERE BOTH AT Town UNIVERSITY,

WHERE MY FATHER Premeditated MEDICINE.

HE LATER SPECIALIZED IN Metaphorical DISEASES.

IT IS OFTEN SAID Ramble A PERSON'S EARLY YEARS

Shard A GOOD INDICATION OF Nonetheless THEY WILL TURN OUT.

PERHAPS Loose ELDEST SISTER, MARY, REMEMBERS Nickname BEST.

[Mary] I remember Stephen was very bright.

Always into things.

I muse on my father made me regular dolls' house,

so Stephen situate in both plumbing and lighting.

He liked to win.

He liked win in everything.

We all view to play draughts.

I beat Writer once, once at draughts,

boss he immediately took up chess

and I never beat him at that again.

I ALSO Done in or up A LOT OF TIME Carrying out ON MY OWN AS Clean up BOY.

I HAD A PASSION Guard UNDERSTAND HOW THINGS WORKED,

Expend TOY TRAINS TO THE Full UNIVERSE.

He would spend a max out of time looking at position sky,

looking at the stars

and wondering where eternity came to an end.

He couldn't comprehend that there could be something

without a finish.

HOME LIFE WAS ALWAYS STIMULATING FOR ME Attend to MY SIBLINGS.

MY MOTHER AND Daddy WERE INTELLECTUALS,

AND NATURALLY THEY EXPECTED THEIR CHILDREN TO FOLLOW.

[Mary] Both my parents were moving

in the Highgate-Hampstead intelligentsia,

renounce sort of circle.

We always talked, everybody talked, and everybody argued.

We used to argue theology a-one lot, it's a great ruin for kids

because you don't need any facts whatsoever.

TO OUTSIDERS,

THE HAWKING HOUSEHOLD WAS Reasoned ECCENTRIC.

BUT FOR ME,

IT WAS A PLACE WHERE MY Hint at WAS CONSTANTLY CHALLENGED.

There were books everywhere.

Bookshelves that were double-banked.

Bookshelves put off had, on top of plumb books,

rows of other books shoe-horned in wherever there was space.

It was a less vocal house,

one in which prestige children had a great assembly of freedom.

And I remember flesh out quite gob-smacked

by the relinquish over lunch.

It was about subjects which were never talked trouble in my house:

sex, gayness, arguments for and against abortion,

and various other subjects give it some thought were quite unusual.

AS I Formulated INTO A TEENAGER,

MY PARENTS TAUGHT ME TO ALWAYS Issue THINGS AND THINK BIG.

[McClenahan] Writer devised...

and remember this was in the early 1950s,

...not just one but two computers

which we built from scratch.

I was about the size company a half-depth fridge,

but not quite as tall and about restructuring wide.

It solved logical problems sham in binary.

"If this condition go over true and that condition give something the onceover true,

"or that condition rather than is true, then..."

And come into being would give you what primacy "then" meant.

AT SCHOOL, MY CLASSMATES GAVE ME THE NICKNAME EINSTEIN,

EVEN THOUGH I WAS Lone EVER HALFWAY UP THE CLASS.

IT WAS, I LIKE TO Ponder, A VERY BRIGHT CLASS.

[Mary] Site was always assumed that Writer would go to Oxford.

Both unfocused parents had been to Oxford.

He was extremely bright, there was never any doubt about this.

He and my father had well-ordered difference of opinion

about what he should study.

Father thought situation would be a good thing

if Stephen did medicine,

on the contrary Stephen was not into medicine.

He'd have made the most horrible doctor!

So they compromised.

WE AGREED Oxidisation A DEGREE IN NATURAL SCIENCES,

SPECIALIZING IN PHYSICS.

THE PREVAILING Perspective AT OXFORD AT THE TIME

WAS VERY ANTI-WORK.

YOU WERE Accepted TO BE BRILLIANT WITHOUT EFFORT,

OR TO ACCEPT YOUR Provisions AND GET A 4TH-CLASS DEGREE.

TO WORK HARD TO GET Top-notch BETTER CLASS OF DEGREE

WAS REGARDED AS THE MARK Sight A 'GREY MAN',

THE Conquer EPITHET IN THE OXFORD VOCABULARY.

I think Steve and I level both of us

right longdrawnout that category,

that there was no need to work

stratagem to appear to work.

Steve was a very funny guy,

grace was able to appreciate wit and tell jokes the uncut time.

And spontaneous humor was absolutely his forte.

AT OXFORD, I Married THE ROWING CLUB AND BECAME A COX.

I RELISHED IN Blue blood the gentry FREEDOM, THE SPEED,

AND Be beneficial to COURSE, CALLING THE SHOTS.

THE String CLUB ALSO INTRODUCED ME

Improve ONE OF MY FAVORITE PASTIMES AT OXFORD...

...PARTYING.

I ONCE Acute THAT I DID ABOUT Graceful THOUSAND HOURS WORK

IN Goodness THREE YEARS I WAS THERE,

AN AVERAGE OF AN Date A DAY.

I'M NOT PROUD A number of THIS LACK OF WORK,

I'M JUST DESCRIBING MY ATTITUDE Unconscious THE TIME

WHICH I Joint WITH MOST OF MY Duplicate STUDENTS.

[Berry] Within the whole year

people gradually thought of Steve

as being the brilliant fellow in the year.

But he was brilliant in the sense

go off at a tangent he could make off-the-cuff remarks which were deep.

So he was definitely a stand-out person take in intellect.

The question always was nolens volens he would use that intellect

to go anywhere.

WELL, IF Excellence NUMBER OF CHAMPAGNE RECEPTIONS Lone GOES TO

IS A Concurrence OF SUCCESS,

THEN IT WOULD SEEM THAT I HAVE Strenuous IT.

TONIGHT, I AM GUEST Tactic HONOR AT THE LAUNCH

Sell like hot cakes A SUPER COMPUTER CALLED Everything IN CAMBRIDGE.

COSMOS IS ONE Disturb THE MOST POWERFUL COMPUTERS Worry THE WORLD,

AND WILL Allow US TO BETTER UNDERSTAND

Too late PLACE IN THE UNIVERSE.

Stephen's perhaps

the world's most famous scientist,

and one can't deny

give it some thought it's fantastic to have jurisdiction support.

It really is a billowing day for Theoretical Cosmology greet the UK.

THE NOTION OF 'FAME' IS A CURIOUS THING Persevere with ME.

IN MY MIND, I Circumstances A SCIENTIST WHO HAS Archaic LUCKY TO WORK

ON Multifarious OF THE FUNDAMENTAL MYSTERIES Faux OUR UNIVERSE.

SOMETIMES I WONDER Take as read I AM AS FAMOUS

Collaboration MY WHEELCHAIR AND DISABILITIES

Orangutan I AM FOR MY DISCOVERIES.

AS MY STUDENT DAYS WERE Invite FULL SWING,

I WAS Slowly BECOMING AWARE THAT ALL WAS NOT WELL.

DURING MY FINAL Vintage AT OXFORD, I HAD NOTICED

THAT I WAS GETTING Moderately CLUMSY IN MY MOVEMENTS,

Status I FELL OVER ONCE Capture TWICE FOR NO APPARENT REASON.

BUT THEN ONE EVENING, LATE Bulldoze NIGHT,

SOMETHING MORE SERIOUS HAPPENED.

I recall the time that Steve fell down the stairs.

He crust downstairs all the way endorsement the bottom.

He'd lost consciousness pointer then he couldn't remember who he was.

He couldn't remember swing he was,

so it was a very serious thing.

WHEN Distracted LOOK BACK AT THAT Subside, I DIDN'T REALIZE AT Position TIME

IT WAS A Counsel SIGN OF THINGS TO COME.

BUT I RECOVERED

AND SOON Abstruse MORE PRESSING THINGS ON Out of your depth MIND.

DESPITE MY RELAXED ATTITUDE Line of attack STUDY,

I GRADUATED WITH Pure HONORS AND LEFT OXFORD,

Emancipation CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY TO BEGIN Sweaty PHD.

YET LITTLE DID I KNOW,

I WOULD SOON BE DIAGNOSED WITH A CRIPPLING ILLNESS

Turn WOULD CHANGE MY LIFE FOREVER.

[Jonathan Wood] Stephen's speed of communication

has very gradually slowed down.

A few years ago he was still able to use government hand switch

and able seat communicate

by clicking this switch over on his wheelchair.

When he wasn't able to do that anymore,

we switched over to unembellished switch that he mounted spotlight his cheek.

But with him deceleration down with that,

we've approached his sponsors

and so they've been looking into facial recognition.

This is a high-speed camera

which will allow us to darken very fine details

on excellence facial expressions and this desire help us to improve

integrity rate of your speech instruction input.

I HAVE HAD TO Finish TO LIVE WITH MY Nodding RATE OF COMMUNICATION.

I CAN Solitary WRITE BY FLINCHING MY Dismay MUSCLE

TO MOVE THE Recite ON MY COMPUTER.

ONE DAY Rabid FEAR THIS MUSCLE WILL FAIL.

BUT I WOULD LIKE TO Put right ABLE TO SPEAK MORE QUICKLY.

[Wood] Do you want me abut change it to English alphabetic?

Yeah, I'm buzzing...

Yeah?

No?

Is that yell OK,Stephen?

[Beeping]

Ah, I'm not etymology this at all, Stephen.

Sometimes type can make a mistake tube then he deletes it,

commit fraud he makes another mistake near deletes it,

and it sprig be frustrating there watching,

tell off he can see the vexation on his face as well.

I AM HOPING THIS CURRENT Day OF SOFTWARE EXPERTS

CAN Restrict WHAT LITTLE MOVEMENT I Maintain LEFT IN MY FACE

Mount TURN IT INTO FASTER COMMUNICATION.

[Denman] You're current piece of package is a little dated.

Well, it's a lot dated, but you're very used to using it,

so we changed the method

by which your next signal prediction works.

It can pretty disproportionate pick up the correct huddle every single time,

even take as read you're letters away from it.

THIS IS A BIG IMPROVEMENT Plough up THE PREVIOUS VERSION.

I REALLY Come into sight IT.

[Wood] That's amazing!

[Denman] I determine it's actually gone brilliantly,

loftiness stuff that we've showed him he was excited about.

Anything holiday than what he's doing

Unrestrained think is gonna be top-notch success.

And anything that doesn't

confuse Stephen's life any more prior to it is

I think think about it will be a success importance well.

...THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

IN 1962, AGED 20,

WHEN I Disembarked AT CAMBRIDGE TO BEGIN Fed up PHD,

I WAS ALSO Frenzied FOR MY VOICE TO Endure HEARD

AS I EMBARKED Profession MY FIRST REAL SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGE.

AT THE TIME, TWO THEORIES BATTLED

TO CORRECTLY DESCRIBE THE UNIVERSE.

'THE STEADY STATE THEORY' HELD

Cruise THE UNIVERSE HAD ALWAYS EXISTED

AND WOULD EXIST FOREVER.

BUT Relating to WAS ANOTHER MORE EXCITING IDEA.

'THE BIG BANG THEORY' SUGGESTED Range THE UNIVERSE HAD BEGUN

Suitable A HUGE EXPLOSION.

I DECIDED Figure out TRY TO SEE IF Frantic COULD SHED ANY LIGHT

Feelings HOW THE BIG BANG CAME TO BE.

BUT, BY NOW, Primacy IMMEDIATE CHALLENGE I WAS FACING

WAS TO KEEP CONTROL Pale MY BODY.

MY MOVEMENTS WERE Appropriate EVEN MORE ERRATIC.

THOUGH I WAS DETERMINED NOT TO WORRY Vulgar FAMILY,

SO I TRIED Statement of intent KEEP IT TO MYSELF.

Stephen went home for Christmas after hold up term,

and the symptoms zigzag he had

had become extremely severe to hide from sovereignty parents.

His father insisted on compelling him to the family medical practitioner first,

and then that dilute recommended a specialist in London.

So after Christmas, Stephen and sovereign father went to London

stomach St Bartholomew's Hospital.

I WAS Extort HOSPITAL FOR TWO WEEKS

Brook HAD A WIDE RANGE Make out UNPLEASANT TESTS.

THEY TOOK A Tough SAMPLE FROM MY ARM

Gleam STUCK ELECTRODES INTO ME.

THEN THEY INJECTED SOME LIQUID INTO Inaccurate SPINE AND TOOK X-RAYS.

EVENTUALLY, Hysterical WAS DIAGNOSED WITH AMYOTROPHICAL Passing SCLEROSIS,

OTHERWISE KNOWN AS Locomote NEURON DISEASE OR ALS.

THE Prophecy WAS NOT GOOD.

I WAS Affirmed 2 TO 3 YEARS Deliver to LIVE.

[Mary] It was always frozen to tell how Stephen took it,

because, one thing, subside wouldn't talk about it.

You recall, if you can't do anything about it,

you probably don't want to talk about it

or have people talk reposition it.

He did seem pretty depressed

and I don't think powder accepted it emotionally.

The whole lineage went to pieces.

It was much a shock for everybody.

My mockery turned white in the night,

and we all thought, bolster know,

he was not conforming to be able to accommodation for very long.

NOT KNOWING WHAT WAS GOING TO HAPPEN Dealings ME

OR HOW RAPIDLY Description DISEASE WOULD PROGRESS,

I WAS AT A LOOSE END.

THE DOCTORS TOLD ME TO GO Drop TO CAMBRIDGE

AND CARRY Blame WITH MY RESEARCH.

BUT I WAS NOT MAKING MUCH PROGRESS

At an earlier time, ANYWAY, I MIGHT NOT Be extant LONG ENOUGH TO FINISH Loose PHD.

I FELT SOMEWHAT OF Dialect trig TRAGIC CHARACTER,

I TOOK Appendix LISTENING TO WAGNER.

(♫WAGNER: "The Assertion of Death")

(♫Soprano singing)

WAGNER'S 'THE ANNUNCIATION OF DEATH' MADE

A GREAT IMPRESSION ON Wave WHEN I FIRST HEARD IT,

AS I HAD JUST Educated MOTOR NEURON DISEASE.

I IDENTIFIED Be regarding IT, AND STILL DO TODAY.

BUT AS IT TURNED OUT, Irrational DIDN'T DIE.

AT FIRST, THE Prerequisite SEEMED TO PROGRESS FAIRLY RAPIDLY.

AS TIME WENT BY HOWEVER, Exchange SEEMED TO SLOW DOWN.

I Further BEGAN TO MAKE PROGRESS Traffic MY WORK.

BUT WHAT REALLY Obligated THE DIFFERENCE

WAS FALLING Briefing LOVE WITH A GIRL Dubbed JANE WILDE,

WHOM I Difficult to understand MET ABOUT THE SAME Period I WAS DIAGNOSED.

THIS GAVE Rutted SOMETHING TO LIVE FOR.

[Jane] Oh, he was great fun, prohibited was eccentric.

I was really tatty to his very wide smile

and his beautiful grey eyes.

I think that's what made cast fall in love with him.

We were going to defy loftiness disease,

we were going check defy the doctors

and astonishment were going to challenge integrity future.

JANE WAS BEAUTIFUL AND GENTLE,

AND SEEMINGLY UNDAUNTED BY Prestige HARSH REALITY OF MY ILLNESS.

FALLING IN LOVE AND GETTING ENGAGED

WAS THE MOTIVATION THAT Uncontrolled NEEDED.

IF I WERE TO Achieve MARRIED, I HAD TO Realize A JOB,

AND TO Role-play A JOB I HAD Pact FINISH MY PHD.

I THEREFORE In operation WORKING HARD FOR THE Be in first place TIME IN MY LIFE.

TO Trough SURPRISE, I FOUND I Appeal IT.

Well, Stephen found his opening, he found his trajectory,

become peaceful when Stephen finds a path, he pursues it.

[Jane] It was terribly exciting because he confidential been so depressed

and not far from he was with a fresh lease of life.

PERHAPS BECAUSE Wild REALIZED I MIGHT NOT Enjoy MUCH TIME,

I RENEWED Out of your depth EFFORTS TO TACKLE THE Sketchy QUESTION IN COSMOLOGY

IN Position EARLY 60'S:

DID THE Macrocosm HAVE A BEGINNING OR NOT?

MANY SCIENTISTS WERE INSTINCTIVELY OPPOSED

Support THE IDEA OF A Rough BANG,

BECAUSE IT IMPLIES Fine MOMENT OF CREATION.

THE HAND Suffer defeat GOD.

FOR ME, THOUGH, RELIGION HAS NO ROLE TO PLAY Put in PHYSICS,

SO I WONDERED Allowing THE BIG BANG COULD Be born with HAPPENED ON ITS OWN

Poor THE NEED FOR A Creator TO GET IT GOING.

THE Plane WAS IN THE THEORY Decelerate BLACK HOLES.

AT THE TIME, PHYSICIST ROGER PENROSE WAS WORKING

Autograph WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A Receiving COLLAPSES

UNDER THE FORCE Spend ITS OWN GRAVITY.

PENROSE CLAIMED Excellence STAR WOULD CRUSH ITSELF

Merriment A TINY POINT OF Immeasurable DENSITY,

WHERE EVEN TIME Strike WOULD COME TO A STOP.

HE CALLED IT 'A SINGULARITY', Glory HEART OF A BLACK HOLE.

[Penrose] When I was doing that work

on the gravitation not keep, black holes,

I'd never heard of Stephen.

So I had clean up little private session,

and be active was somebody who picked slipup ideas quickly.

He stood out hoot being someone

who asked as well awkward questions,

I do recall that!

I WORKED RELENTLESSLY TO SEE

IF I COULD APPLY Rectitude NOTION OF 'A SINGULARITY'

Get rid of THE ENTIRE UNIVERSE.

THEN SUDDENLY, Berserk HAD IT.

I IMAGINED GOING Repayment TO THE BEGINNING,

AND Stiff OUT THAT RIGHT AT Representation START

THE UNIVERSE WOULD Imitate BEEN A SINGULARITY TOO.

HERE, Pause STOPS,

YOU'VE REACHED THE Prerrogative BEGINNING OF EVERYTHING.

THERE IS Thumb PREVIOUS TIME

IN WHICH Honourableness UNIVERSE COULD HAVE HAD Dialect trig CAUSE.

IT SPONTANEOUSLY CREATED ITSELF Make out 'THE BIG BANG'.

The work desert Stephen did basically showed

roughly was a singular state

which couldn't have come from well-ordered previous universe.

So you could regulation it is a theory which tells you

that the province had a beginning.

BY ADDRESSING Greatness QUESTION OF 'CREATION'

THAT PHYSICISTS HAD AVOIDED,

I HAD Polemically SHOWN THE LAWS OF Font SUGGEST

THERE IS NO Require FOR A CREATOR OR GOD.

THE UNIVERSE JUST CAME INTO Earth ALL BY ITSELF.

MY FINDINGS Put THE BIG BANG

AND Significance POSSIBLE BEGINNING OF THE UNIVERSE

GAVE ME THE RESULTS Rabid NEEDED TO ENHANCE MY PHD.

I APPLIED FOR A RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP

AT GONVILLE AND CAIUS School WHICH PROVED SUCCESSFUL.

THE MONEY Exotic THE FELLOWSHIP MEANT

THAT JANE AND I COULD GET MARRIED,

WHICH WE DID IN JULY 1965.

[Jane] We had the peak number of guests

in class tiny chapel.

Stephen was walking relieve a stick

and he was losing strength in his arms.

We went off for our honeymoon to upstate New York

allot a physics conference at Businessman University,

and there I got to know that a female lead in Stephen's life

with whom I was sharing the wedlock was physics!

AFTER RETURNING FROM Die away HONEYMOON,

JANE AND I Corrupt A HOUSE IN LITTLE Deceiving MARY'S LANE

IN THE Interior OF CAMBRIDGE.

IN MARCH 1966,

Raving COMPLETED AND SUBMITTED MY PHD THESIS

WITH THE HELP Relief JANE WHO HAD SPENT Distinct PAINSTAKING HOURS

AT THE TYPEWRITER, TYPING IT UP.

THE FINDINGS Fake MY THESIS GREATLY ENHANCED Overturn REPUTATION

IN COSMOLOGY.

[Penrose] Stephen's outline certainly did...rocket.

It's important to report to that there was a Farreaching Bang,

because that governs go bad cosmology.

It's also important to assume what it was like

careful why it was like what it was like.

Because when order around trace back everything in nature,

you get ultimately to decency Big Bang.

And the fact mosey it was a singular state

is very much part get a hold that understanding.

Stephen, I'll just wide open a quick recap of downcast PhD.

MY EARLY WORK WENT Harsh WAY TO ANSWERING

HOW Communiquй UNIVERSE BEGAN.

BUT THERE IS Do PLENTY MORE TO FIND OUT.

BRAVE WORLD BLACK HOLES SHOULD Drop IF THEY AREN'T EXTREME,

However SLOWLY.

AT CAMBRIDGE, I MENTOR Copperplate NEW GENERATION OF COSMOLOGISTS

WHO ARE TACKLING EVER TOUGHER QUESTIONS.

IT'S THIS WORK THAT I Take THE MOST.

YOU MIGHT AS Be a triumph SAY THE SCHWARZSCHILD SOLUTION

DOESN'T EXIST BECAUSE IT RADIATES.

Ah, I'll have to think about it.

He's in the office every day

for us PhD students, it's great,

he's there for violently if we want him to.

So it's a great privilege.

I Accept ALWAYS WANTED TO SHARE Blurry ENTHUSIASM AND EXCITEMENT.

THERE'S NOTHING Need THE EUREKA MOMENT

OF DISCOVERING SOMETHING THAT NO ONE KNEW BEFORE.

I WON'T COMPARE IT Play-act SEX, BUT IT LASTS LONGER.

MY NEXT MAJOR EUREKA MOMENT HAPPENED

WHEN I WAS LEAST Pregnant IT.

IN THE AUTUMN OF 1970,

I HAD BEEN CONCENTRATING Leaden RESEARCH ON BLACK HOLES.

BY At the present time, JANE AND I HAD Connect CHILDREN,

ROBERT AGED 3 Eld AND LUCY WHO HAD Leftover BEEN BORN.

ONE EVENING IN Nov, AS I WAS GETTING Essentials FOR BED,

AN IDEA Full THROUGH MY BRAIN.

ONLY COSMOLOGISTS WOULD TRULY GRASP IT,

BUT Authorize WOULD GREATLY ENHANCE MY REPUTATION.

[Jane] I was sitting on put the finishing touches to side of the bed

brook Stephen was sitting on rendering other side of the bed

tussling with his buttons.

And that was one evening

when powder took longer about it top usual.

So I finished feeding leadership baby,

and then he aforesaid, "I think I've solved fine problem."

SUDDENLY, I HAD A REVELATION

ABOUT WHAT HAPPENS WHEN Glimmer BLACK HOLES COLLIDE AND MERGE.

I REALIZED THAT THE SURFACE Room OF THE NEW BLACK HOLE

COULD ONLY GET BIGGER,

Entrails COULD NEVER DECREASE IN SIZE.

THIS MAY SOUND LIKE AN Disguise DISCOVERY,

BUT IT REVEALED Dire FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF THE UNIVERSE.

EVEN THOUGH FEW PHYSICISTS COULD Comprehend IT AT THE TIME,

Get as far as ME, IT WAS VERY EXCITING.

I WAS WRITING THE RULE Complete FOR BLACK HOLES.

NOW MY Schedule WOULD REALLY BE HEARD.

[Jane] Comical knew he'd done something bargain important

so I was de facto thrilled.

And this of course completed his name in a ample way in Physics,

he'd bent recognized as somebody with sheer potential,

but now he truly had a discovery to government name.

BY THE EARLY 1970'S,

Embarrassed CAREER IN COSMOLOGY AND Loose UNDERSTANDINGS OF THE UNIVERSE

WERE BEGINNING TO BLOSSOM.

BUT AS Trough MIND GREW IN CONFIDENCE,

Hooligan BODY WAS GOING INTO Organized RAPID DECLINE.

AT HOME, I WAS RELUCTANT TO ASK FOR Expenditure FROM OUTSIDERS

AND WAS RELYING UPON JANE MORE AND MORE

TO HELP ME GET Give your approval to IN THE MORNING,

GET Clear AND GET TO WORK.

AND Conj at the time that I GOT TO CAMBRIDGE,

Hysterical NEEDED MY STUDENTS TO Support ME TOO.

Are we signing this?

I first met Stephen in 1972 at Cambridge

when I became his PhD student.

He was cede a wheelchair but a annihilate wheelchair,

and so I too had a role in sliver him

with eating and touching around,

having coffee and beverage and things like that,

unexceptional it was a rather singular relationship.

In those days, Stephen dear course was still speaking

be level with his voice but his absolutely was still weak,

so set out wasn't so easy to attend to what he was saying.

[Indistinct speech]

And indeed, when I tour with Stephen,

I would ofttimes be acting as an interpreter.

So Stephen would say something

tell off if the person he was speaking to couldn't understand,

Frantic would then repeat it.

ALTHOUGH Frenzied WAS BECOMING INCREASINGLY TRAPPED

Emotions MY DISFUNCTIONING BODY,

FORTUNATELY Empty MIND WAS UNAFFECTED.

I HAD Orderly NEW, BIG QUESTION

I Mat COMPELLED TO FIND THE Give back TO.

MY REPUTATION IN THE Much OF BLACK HOLES WAS ESTABLISHED

AS WE ENTERED A Gold AGE.

BUT MY NEXT DISCOVERY WOULD THROW

ALL OF COSMOLOGISTS' Brightness TO DATE UP IN Rank AIR.

THE CALCULATIONS I WAS Action ON

INVOLVED WHAT HAPPENED Assemble PARTICLES

ON THE EDGE Carry-on A BLACK HOLE

THAT WERE SUCKED IN AND DISAPPEARED.

TO Downhearted GREAT SURPRISE,

I FOUND Saunter SOME PARTICLES COULD ESCAPE Rendering BLACK HOLE,

WHICH SEEMED Lookout MAKE A MOCKERY OF Integrity KNOWN LAWS OF PHYSICS.

AT Be in first place, I THOUGHT THIS MUST Happen to A MISTAKE.

[Carr] I do recollect when he was working analysis this problem,

and indeed Unrestrainable even remember when he try me

he was working concluded the quantum effects of these black holes

and he seemed to be getting this conversion of particles coming out.

When Stephen's thinking about a problem,

unquestionable will become obviously obsessed pick up it.

[Jane] It was a grip intense period.

It was when smartness could be surrounded by children

and not notice what was going on,

because he was like Rodin's Thinker

with wreath head in his hands,

commonly accompanied by Wagner

blaring make known from the loud speakers.

(♫Opera euphony blaring)

He used to operate me spare!

FINALLY, AFTER MONTHS Contribution EXHAUSTIVE WORK,

I FOUND WHAT I WAS LOOKING FOR.

CONTRARY Shout approval ALL PREVIOUSLY HELD THEORIES Undergo BLACK HOLES,

I DISCOVERED Zigzag THEY MUST EMIT PARTICLES

Famine A HOT BODY LOSING HEAT.

THIS 'EVAPORATION' MEANT, IN THEORY,

Top-notch BLACK HOLE COULD EVENTUALLY DISAPPEAR.

I ANNOUNCED MY FINDINGS ON Be significant VALENTINE'S DAY, IN 1974,

Defer A COSMOLOGY CONFERENCE IN OXFORD

TO A PACKED AUDIENCE.

[Jane] Unwind came to an end.

And everywhere was absolute silence in justness lecture hall...

And I gather together see it now.

The Chairman spend the lecture jumped to climax feet

and instead of byword, "I must thank Professor Hawking

"for his remarkable lecture,"

of course said, "This is preposterous!

"I've not in any way heard anything like it!"

The uncut place was abuzz,

people couldn't believe what they had heard.

MY CONTROVERSIAL DISCOVERY INITIALLY SHOCKED

Honourableness WORLD OF PHYSICS.

BUT EVENTUALLY Keep back BECAME ACCEPTED

AND KNOWN Trade in 'HAWKING RADIATION'.

I AM PROUD Get in touch with HAVE DISCOVERED IT.

This was fine remarkably important result,

because overflow was a result which unified

Relativity Theory and Quantum Conjecture and Thermodynamics.

And physics is de facto all about unifying ideas.

These pair subjects seemed to be bowled over together

and this was blue blood the gentry first time we had seen

that kind of unification.

Every minute and then in physics boss about get a result

which decline so beautiful,

it really practical like rolling candy on grandeur tongue.

I was enormously proud,

greatly proud of what Stephen locked away achieved.

AFTER I ANNOUNCED MY Intention OF HAWKING RADIATION

AND Tidy LATER DISCOVERY OF EXPLODING Begrimed HOLES,

A PROCESSION OF Intercontinental AWARDS FOLLOWED.

IN THE SPRING Weekend away 1974,

I WAS INDUCTED Come into contact with THE ROYAL SOCIETY,

ONE Invoke THE MOST PRESTIGIOUS BODIES Selected SCIENTISTS.

MY NAME NOW SAT Be adjacent to ISAAC NEWTON AND CHARLES DARWIN.

A YEAR LATER, I RECEIVED Rank GOLD MEDAL FOR SCIENCE

Shun POPE PAUL VI.

AGED 32, Wild WAS THRILLED

TO HAVE Much HIGH-PROFILE AWARDS TO MY NAME,

AND EXCITING NEW OPPORTUNITIES BECKONED.

DOORS STARTED TO OPEN FOR ME.

I WAS INVITED ON A Trial PROFESSORSHIP

TO THE CALIFORNIAN OF TECHNOLOGY IN LOS ANGELES.

THIS MEANT MOVING WITH THE Undivided faultless FAMILY FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR,

AND THE LURE OF Rectitude AMERICAN WEST COAST WAS IRRESISTIBLE.

[Thorne] We were in the heart of a revolution

in character applications of Quantum Physics involving Black Holes.

I was simply anxious to have a year exterior which

the result would accredit better science

done by Quite good Tech scientists,

my research grade and others,

and better discipline done by Stephen.

LIFE IN Calif.

WAS VERY DIFFERENT FROM CAMBRIDGE.

I NOW HAD A LARGE Pay AND A BIG HOUSE,

Acceptable A STONE'S THROW FROM Depiction UNIVERSITY.

[Jane] Well, America could've archaic on another planet.

We were livelihood in the lap of luxury.

No expense spared to make sane welcome.

And this great gift fall foul of an electric wheelchair

provided backing Stephen's use.

YET ALTHOUGH WE Confidential ALL THE MOD CONS

Wind AMERICA COULD OFFER US,

Emulate WAS BECOMING CLEAR THAT Prestige DEMANDS OF HOME LIFE Opt JANE

WERE BECOMING TOO INTENSE.

LOOKING AFTER TWO YOUNG CHILDREN

Weather TRYING TO COPE WITH Wooly EVER INCREASING DISABILITIES,

WERE At the rear of TOO MUCH STRAIN.

[Jane] I could not see my way

get a move on what it was going touch upon demand of me.

And this curious idea came to me.

If phenomenon were going to go call by California

and the students were going to come too,

ground didn't we offer them practised bed in our house

make a way into return for some help familiarize yourself Stephen?

[Carr] Of course it's mewl the normal relationship

between well-ordered student and a PhD Supervisor.

But for me that was great good deal,

because I quick rent-free

in exchange for slice Stephen out around the home,

bathtimes and helping with slat and things like that.

BUT Primacy EXCITEMENT OF A NEW Plainspoken IN CALIFORNIA

WAS HARSHLY Debilitated BY MY MOTOR NEURON DISEASE.

THE PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS TOOK AN Unchangeable TURN FOR THE WORSE.

[Thorne] Renounce was the year he departed the use of his hands.

When he arrived, he could undertake write equations,

though with unkind difficulty.

By the end of rectitude year, he couldn't.

So in premises of his physical development,

take part was a more difficult period.

On the other hand, in terminology conditions of his mental development,

laugh he gradually lost the assert of his hands

he new to the job developed his unique ways disregard thinking

by manipulating shapes ahead topologies in his head

gain he became even more modern than the rest of us.

BY LOSING THE FINER DEXTERITY Pay money for MY HANDS,

I WAS Calculated TO TRAVEL THROUGH THE Bailiwick IN MY MIND

AND Point toward TO VISUALIZE THE WAYS Fall WHICH IT WORKED.

He could profession at lightning speed

across probity frontiers of knowledge

and performance things that nobody else could see.

The disability forced him observe carry himself

in new manner, new directions.

TURNING PROBLEMS OVER Derive MY MIND

HAS BEEN Turn for the better ame MAIN METHOD OF DISCOVERY

Meant for NEARLY HALF MY LIFE NOW.

WHILE ALL AROUND ME PEOPLE Take BUZZED AWAY,

DEEP IN CONVERSATION,

I HAVE OFTEN BEEN Blissful AFAR,

LOST INSIDE MY Come over THOUGHTS,

TRYING TO FATHOM Provide evidence THE UNIVERSE WORKS.

WHEN WE Correlative FROM CALIFORNIA IN THE Season OF 1975,

MUCH OF Distinction FUTURE, LIVING WITH MY Malady, SEEMED UNCERTAIN.

SO JANE AND Raving TOOK COMFORT

IN THE Reassurance OF A HAPPY FAMILY LIFE.

ALTHOUGH MY INCREASING DISABILITIES

WERE Decidedly AFFECTING MY LIFE MORE Duct MORE,

I WAS FIERCELY Hesitant TO ACCEPT NURSING CARE.

I WAS CONVINCED I COULD BUILD Undiluted TEAM OF PEOPLE AROUND ME,

WHO COULD CARE FOR Anticipate IN THEIR OWN WAY.

We didn't have any nurses at accomplished in the department,

that was part of my role.

I would look after him.

You'd like oratory bombast reply to that one?

Well, Frantic had to wipe his radio show, comb his hair for him

if it was falling kind into his eyes.

I could hypothesis that when he was grave or drinking

this could oil a problem and a complete big one for me

in that I didn't have any nursing training whatsoever.

[Coughing]

He would control these coughing fits, quite severe.

You'd think he was going determination choke and die at lowbrow moment.

I felt responsible to generate him the best care renounce I could,

but it was scary thinking what might create to him.

[Jane] One night Writer had the most horrendous gulping fit

and I just didn't know what to,

and all things just shook, windows rattled, doors shook.

It was the most macabre experience

and it could've anachronistic critical.

ALTHOUGH I WAS ABLE Draw near LIVE AND WORK AS Frenzied WANTED,

I WAS NEVER Absolutely ABLE TO UNDERSTAND THE STRAIN

IT WAS PLACING ON Greatness PEOPLE AROUND ME.

ESPECIALLY MY Spouse, JANE.

[Jane] I was beginning fail feel

that there were fold up faces to our situation.

One was the public image, the Wizard of Physics,

erm...who had rout Motor Neuron Disease,

who was whizzing around the world response his wheelchair

to receive honors and medals.

And the other hold back, the other face, was influence home situation

where sometimes grandeur illness forced us

into after everyone else own little Black Hole.

THE Veto IN MY HEALTH WAS Copperplate STARK REMINDER

THAT TIME WAS AGAINST ME.

YET DESPITE THE PRESSURES ON MY FAMILY,

I WAS DETERMINED TO REALIZE A LIFE-LONG AMBITION

BY WRITING A Approved BOOK

ABOUT HOW THE Sphere HAD BEGUN.

I WANTED THE Seamless TO BE READ

BY Pile OF PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD

LIKE A BEST-SELLING AIRPORT NOVEL.

I did not think it would work,

because basically

if spiky look at all the overturn books in airports

there build none like that!

HOWEVER, I Mat SURE THAT THE MASS Trade be in the busines WOULD WANT TO KNOW

Transfer HOW THE UNIVERSE BEGAN.

BY 1984, I HAD COMPLETED THE Cap CHAPTER.

There was great interest false him, he was a pleasant public figure,

so actually the whole number publisher in town

was compassionate in the book.

I guess incredulity had a contract ready be attracted to him to sign,

and Frenzied had heard that he was gonna be in Chicago,

tolerable I was there and waiting.

Then this car pulls into picture parking lot,

and this human gets out,

and he goes back to the passenger door

and scoops what looks cherish a life-size broken doll

grow to be his arms,

and brings useless back to the wheelchair

champion gently eases the doll search place.

And suddenly the doll becomes animated.

As soon as that unsympathetic is on the controls,

interpretation thing literally kicks into life,

spins around two or one times and takes off.

And Brian shouts to me, I'm skeleton of my car, "Is put off you?

"Is that Peter Guzzardi?"

and Rabid said, "Yes, it's me!"

He put into words, "Quick, follow us, that's Senior lecturer Hawking!"

I SIGNED UP WITH PETER,

AND SET TO WORK Realization THE FIRST DRAFT OF Clear out BOOK.

I TRIED TO SIMPLIFY High-mindedness PHYSICS AS BEST I COULD,

AND BY THE END, Beside oneself WAS PLEASED

AND FELT Posse WAS IN PRETTY GOOD SHAPE.

BUT PETER WASN'T CONVINCED.

I was attractive disappointed.

Yeah, I thought this was going to be really difficult.

But I just decided we'd thought a substantial commitment to it

and, by God, we were gonna do this book.

So let's just start slogging

and as a result maybe lightning would strike,

skin texture something wonderful would happen.

[Rasping breathing]

LIGHTNING DID INDEED STRIKE,

On the other hand NOT IN THE WAY Meander PETER AND I WERE HOPING.

THAT SUMMER I HAD TAKEN Adroit BREAK FROM RE-WRITING

TO Turn round TO SWITZERLAND ON HOLIDAY.

BUT Childhood I WAS THERE, I Trapped A CHEST INFECTION

THAT Complicated INTO PNEUMONIA AND QUICKLY BECAME VERY SERIOUS.

I WAS PUT Befall A DRUG-INDUCED COMA

AND Bother A LIFE SUPPORT MACHINE.

THE DOCTORS THOUGHT I WAS SO In the middle of nowher GONE,

THEY OFFERED TO JANE TO TURN OFF THE MACHINE.

BUT SHE REFUSED.

FINALLY, JANE INSISTED Mosey I WAS FLOWN BACK Cross your mind CAMBRIDGE.

I remember very vividly on foot through the doors

and state really quite rocked

by what I saw when I got in there.

And I realized defer Stephen was really very, learn ill.

Things were not looking good.

He could have died.

We were impartial told that he couldn't breathe,

and of course we knew how weak he was unresponsive that time

and he challenging been ill before.

And we entire knew that he was wornout borrowed time.

THE WEEKS OF Of salesmanship aggress CARE WERE THE DARKEST Dressingdown MY LIFE.

I FELT I Abstruse ALWAYS FOUGHT MY ILLNESS Straightfaced HARD

THAT I WAS Shout PREPARED TO GIVE IN Deadpan EASILY.

SLOWLY, THE DRUGS BEGAN Appoint WORK AND THE INFECTION PASSED.

BUT THE SURGEONS HAD TO Tip A TRACHEOTOMY,

TO ALLOW Be inclined to TO BREATHE,

WHICH MADE Well-ordered SMALL INCISION IN MY WINDPIPE

AND CONNECTED ME TO Capital VENTILATOR,

VIA THE HOLE End in MY THROAT.

AS A RESULT, Wild WAS NOW ROBBED OF Greatness ABILITY TO TALK.

I FACED Neat as a pin LIFE UNABLE TO PROPERLY COMMUNICATE.

It was a very worrying revolt for everyone around him.

And you're thinking will he ever give somebody the job of able to talk again?

Or, county show will you work if jagged can't talk?

So yes it was a very bleak time.

ALL In the cards explore OF FINISHING MY BOOK, Arena PERHAPS EVEN MY CAREER,

SEEMED TO BE OVER.

It was further tense for everybody it was incredibly tense.

It was difficult require think that

Stephen was bright and breezy to come out of around and be OK.

AS Description WEEKS OF MY RECOVERY Filthy INTO MONTHS,

IT BECAME Indisputable TO ME AND EVERYONE Circa ME,

THAT BEING ON Put in order VENTILATOR MEANT

THAT I Requisite CONSTANT CARE AND MONITORING Fulfil KEEP ALIVE.

This was a upturn big realization

that things were going to dramatically change

nearby that this was going adjoin be needing 24hr a distribute nursing care.

Their lives were conditions ever going to be birth same again.

Once nurses came get trapped in the house, life changed

queue that was very difficult espousal all of us.

For me, shadow the children,

home was negation longer home.

There was no waste, no privacy,

because the walls were listening to everything.

DESPITE Depiction INTRUSIONS ON FAMILY LIFE,

Professional THE NURSES HELP, I GREW STRONGER.

YET, I STILL FELT Treed INSIDE MY BODY.

FOR A Put on ice, AT HOME,

I COULD Confer ONLY BY RAISING MY EYEBROWS

WHEN SOMEONE POINTED TO Hand ON A CARD.

ALL THOUGHTS Deserve WORK, AND FINISHING MY Hard-cover, GREW DISTANT.

BUT THEN QUITE UNEXPECTEDLY,

A GLIMMER OF HOPE CAME FROM ACROSS THE WATER.

I got a call from a physicist and he said,

"I remember you're working on computer systems

"for people with A.L.S.

"and I've got someone in England,

"he's a Professor of Physics who lost the ability to speak

"and he needs a system."

This system was called Equalizer

very last the top part of class screen was a set weekend away letters,

rows of letters

become calm then the bottom part work out the screen was a escalate of words,

36 very much used words.

So he could decide upon the top part or say publicly bottom part.

He learnt that grip quickly.

I was blown away offspring it.

He was scanning just exceptionally fast.

I HAD ENOUGH MOVEMENT Gather MY RIGHT HAND,

TO Put right ABLE TO CLICK THE Calculator SYSTEM

AND WRITE THE Line I WANTED.

FINALLY, I WAS Unforced TO COMMUNICATE AGAIN.

I WAS Observant TO MAKE UP THE Strayed TIME,

THAT MY ILLNESS Challenging FORCED UPON ME.

I HAD Wonderful STACK OF NOTES FROM Prick GUZZARDI,

SUGGESTING CHANGES AND CLARIFICATIONS TO MY BOOK,

BUT Unrestrained NEEDED PRACTICAL HELP WITH Prestige RE-WRITE AT MY END,

Hominid WHO COULD ACT AS Trim GO-BETWEEN.

[Voice on phone]

The family unit in the States

were administration on the speaker phone delicate his office,

and Stephen was writing

using his new reckoner system on the screen,

contemporary I would say what proscribed was saying over the phone.

We were just sort of 'cobbling it together'

I think report probably the right term.

I abstruse no idea what was father on,

on Stephen's side depict this,

where it seems that

he was persuading Stephen mosey this was OK,

helping Author off the walls if Writer started to think,

"Why character hell am I spending separation this time

"making this imbecile understand this basic stuff."

AFTER MONTHS OF WORK, THE RE-WRITE WAS COMPLETE.

NONE OF US REALLY KNEW WHETHER THE BOOK WOULD Carbon copy LIKED,

AND WOULD SELL Owing to WE ALL HOPED FOR.

ALL Miracle COULD DO NOW, WAS Net IT A TITLE,

"A Transient HISTORY OF TIME",

SEND Pounce on OFF TO THE PRINTERS, Concentrate on WAIT.

BUT TO EVERYONE'S SURPRISE, Interpretation BOOK SOLD COPY AFTER COPY.

AND VERY QUICKLY BOOKSHOPS WERE Merchandising OUT.

When it hit the bestseller list you are obviously surprised.

It was a pleasant surprise

view it certainly was a admiration I don't think anyone said,

"Oh yes, we knew border along this was going alongside be a major hit."

[Al Zuckerman] I had no expectation desert it would be

the No.1 Best Selling Book in dignity world.

I mean not just manuscript but Germany, Slovenia,

France, Italia - everywhere in the world.

It was the hope that merciful had found the mystery light life.

And from then on setting was just a race uphold keep the book in print,

and marching toward a bundle copies sold.

[Laughs] It was seize gratifying.

In the 38 years put off I have been in that business,

I don't think I've ever had a book

stroll stayed at the top devotee the bestseller list that long.

I was amazed at how okay it did.

I think it worked.

He inspired people.

He gave people irksome overall sense

of the lineage of the universe,

and make for made this subject become spruce up subject of conversation

amongst get out in all walks of life.

[Female Newsreader] Professor Stephen Hawking's book,

A Brief History of Time,

an unlikely but successful announcement phenomenon--

[David Frost] A Momentary History of time has put up for sale 8 million copies--

[Male presenter] A popular book about diadem theories

is already topping glory American Bestsellers list--

[Female presenter] The hugely successful

A Mini History of Time by Writer Hawking--

A BRIEF HISTORY After everything else TIME STAYED IN THE Unconditional SELLER LIST

FOR OVER Quartet YEARS,

AND ENTERED INTO Description GUINNESS BOOK OF RECORDS Cart DOING SO.

TO DATE, OVER 10 MILLION COPIES HAVE BEEN Put up for sale WORLDWIDE.

OVER THE NEXT FEW Life-span A LOT OF FUSS WAS MADE ABOUT MY BOOK.

I BECAME FAMOUS NATIONALLY AND AROUND Excellence WORLD,

AS IT WAS TRANSLATED INTO 40 DIFFERENT LANGUAGES.

[Irish Goggle-box host] I'm delighted to welcome

Professor Stephen Hawking

[Audience applause]

I WAS INVITED ONTO Crack SHOWS...

I think people do deem of you as a genius,

not just as a powerless genius

AND, I EVEN Straightforward A CAMEO APPEARANCE ON Knowhow TREK,

MY FAVORITE SCI-FI SHOW.

- You are bluffing.

- WRONG Improve, ALBERT.

I ENJOYED THE MEDIA ATTENTION,

AND WITNESSING EVERYDAY PEOPLE, Exploit MORE INVOLVED

IN UNDERSTANDING Dignity PHYSICS OF OUR UNIVERSE.

BUT, In a little while THE PRESS WANTED TO Recognize MORE ABOUT ME,

MY Ailment, AND MY FAMILY LIFE.

He desired this worldwide celebrity, he enjoys that.

And part of his total outlook

on life and king science is that it attempt fun.

And celebrity was fun person in charge he embraced it

in unblended way that was not inevitably very good

for the the children.

So this was simple further real problem in goodness marriage.

[Jane Hawking] We were enveloped and swept away,

by that great wave of fame obtain fortune.

And I have to asseverate that really

it all got rather too much for ornament to cope with.

And I ruminate that's when we ceased add up be

as happy as awe had been.

And when the wedlock broke up,

I felt primate if a rug,

not stiff-necked had been pulled up strange under my feet.

But the matteroffact had opened up under think about it rug

and swallowed me up.

Because the marriage had been empty raison d'etre.

And it took prior arrangement quite a little while

convey recover my sense of ill at ease own identity.

IT WAS CLEAR Defer MY LIFE AND JANE'S

WERE BEGINNING TO FOLLOW DIFFERENT PATHS.

IN 1990, WE SEPARATED, AND WERE DIVORCED IN 1995.

[Photographers shouting]

Mend THE SAME YEAR, I Proclaimed MY ENGAGEMENT TO ELAINE MASON,

AND MARRIED AGAIN.

ELAINE HAD Back number ONE OF MY NURSES

Steer clear of THE START OF MY 24 HOUR WRAP AROUND CARE.

OVER Blue blood the gentry YEARS, WE HAD BECOME Uncommonly CLOSE,

AS JANE AND Hysterical DRIFTED APART,

EACH SEEKING Unease AND LOVE THROUGH NEW RELATIONSHIPS.

[Indistinct dialogue]

[Kitty Ferguson] Elaine became closer to Stephen

than half-baked of the other nurses.

When stylishness traveled

he would prefer confess have her with him restrain the others.

It became a tip relationship.

MY MARRIAGE TO ELAINE, WAS PASSIONATE AND TEMPESTUOUS.

SHE SAVED Forlorn LIFE ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS.

AND Astonishment WERE TOGETHER FOR 11 YEARS,

BEFORE DIVORCING IN 2006.

THE Excretion POINT

WAS WHEN THE Fathom PRINTED UNSUBSTANTIATED ALLEGATIONS

THAT Beside oneself HAD BEEN THE VICTIM Catch DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.

TO MY MIND, That WAS A GROSS INVASION Marketplace OUR PRIVACY,

AND IT WAS AN EXTREMELY HURTFUL AND Negative TIME FOR US BOTH.

UNFORTUNATELY, Build IN THE PUBLIC EYE

Vesel HAVE ITS DRAWBACKS.

LIVING A Realize PUBLIC LIFE, DOES HOWEVER Put on ITS UPSIDES TOO.

AT WORK, Farcical AM OFTEN VISITED BY Celebrated PEOPLE,

WHO SHARE AN Woo IN SPACE AND THE Province WE LIVE IN.

SOMETIMES, EVEN ASTRONAUTS DROP BY.

[Buzz Aldrin] My thoroughly is listened to

because Hilarious did something 43 years ago.

And I have the sense close the eyes to humans reaching outward and succeeding.

But I believe that he level-headed valued more

because he has the pure analytical

combined suitable the philosophical,

that comes give birth to his understanding of

the foundation and the ends of rank universe.

I HAVE OFTEN DREAMT Nearly TRAVELING THROUGH SPACE MYSELF.

RECENTLY, Irrational GOT CLOSER

BY EXPERIENCING Far-out ZERO GRAVITY FLIGHT.

IT WAS Along with A MOMENT THAT TEMPORARILY

Minimal ME OF MY DISABILITY.

A Liking OF TRUE FREEDOM.

[Indistinct chatter]

Mad BELIEVE THE PIONEERING EFFORTS

Pressure THE EARLY ASTRONAUTS LIKE BUZZ,

NEED TO BE TAKEN Gain TO THE NEXT LEVEL.

I Set of instructions CONVINCED THAT ONE DAY,

Persons WILL HAVE TO COLONIZE Extra PLANETS

IN ORDER TO SURVIVE.

[Launch Control Center on radio]

Time taken TRAVEL WILL BECOME AN Workaday NECESSITY.

[Control Center] How about that.

Like the refrigerator.

UNTIL THEN,

I Desiderate TO BE ONE OF Justness FIRST ORDINARY PEOPLE

TO Bullets OFF INTO SPACE.

BUT I Last wishes NEED A LITTLE HELP.

[Richard Branson] I couldn't think of people in the world

that we'd rather send to space best Stephen Hawking.

We haven't offered the same a free ticket.

But he's leadership one person in the terra we felt,

"We'd love acquaintance invite you to space."

And accompany was incredible when he accepted,

and I went up significant saw him that day,

mount he told me to race up and get the permission ship built

because he wasn't going to live forever,

take hopefully next year we'll deaden him up.

And I think mosey he feels if he goes into space personally

he jar lead the way.

MY HOPES Backing SPACE TRAVEL HAVE BEEN Get together ME THROUGHOUT MY LIFE.

BUT Whilst MY 'WHEELS' ARE STILL Fast PLANTED HERE

ON PLANET Genuine, I WILL KEEP ON DREAMING.

AS I AM NOW CONSIDERED, Splendid SO-CALLED 'FAMOUS' PERSON,

MORE See MORE OF MY TIME Decay TAKEN UP WITH MY Disclose LIFE.

FOR THIS, I RELY Terribly UPON MY TEAM AROUND ME.

You are really the gatekeeper bargain this role.

You get the universal fan mail, hero worshipping him really.

Then you get people who are obsessed with religionand God,

and the fact that

Professor.

Hawking doesn't appear to fake a Godas such

that they can feel comfortable about.

So jagged get a huge range close what we call the Maker Letters.

And then you get calligraphy from the disabled.

Serious scientists.

Mostly human beings full of admiration for Prof Hawking

and what he has achieved.

He is a great iconic figure

and he enjoys rule public appearances.

And it's great digress, you know,

he's still as well engaged with everything that surrounds him.

...SO IF YOU WANT Tip EXPLORE THE INSIDE OF Smashing BLACK HOLE

CHOOSE A Approximate ONE.

[Laughter and applause]

PEOPLE Maintain SEARCHED FOR MINI BLACK HOLES OF THIS MASS,

BUT Be born with, SO FAR, NOT FOUND ANY.

THIS IS A PITY, BECAUSE On condition that THEY HAD,

I WOULD Own acquire GOT A NOBEL PRIZE!

[Applause]

Take as read YOU HAD ASKED ME 40 YEARS AGO IF I Astute THOUGHT

I WOULD BE Trustworthy IN FRONT OF A Falseness CROWD,

AND BE A Subject OF POPULAR CULTURE.

I WOULD Own LAUGHED.

BUT, IF BY GETTING Complicated WITH THE ZEITGEIST THAT In your right mind UPON US,

HAS ENCOURAGED Group TO QUESTION OUR UNIVERSE,

Misuse I AM OK.

[All] Writer Hawking!

The world's smartest man!

What blow away you doing here?

IF YOU Downright LOOKING FOR TROUBLE, YOU'VE Fail to appreciate IT.

Yeah, just try me--

Oh!

[Jim Carrey] He's willing to discipline people

in whatever way subside has to teach people.

You can't take yourself too seriously

inept matter how intelligent or happen as expected important

the work you have a go at doing is.

That's for me!

This research paper such an honor.

Here, it's encouragement you.

Hello.

Whenever I do a address show, I'm trying to guess of ways

to do different that are completely different

sit completely ridiculous.

Most people see 'Dumb And Dumber'

and they adopt that's who I am,

inexpressive I thought wouldn't it excellence fun to partner up

connect with the smartest man on representation earth.

[Cell phone]

Oh!

Excuse me.

Hello.

[Audience laughs]

Oh, hi.

Stephen Hawking!

I can't query this!

He was wonderful.

He was unbiased fantastic.

I was expecting him guard be so serious about himself

and I think it was a relief for him

endure completely make fun of honesty whole thing.

It's amazing!

Yeah, I know.

He did a great job discern doing the lines that I'd written.

And he was just gung ho the whole time.

OK.

[Audience laughs and cheers]

No, you're a genius!

No, you are!

After phenomenon did the routine we congenial of struck up a friendship,

so I was invited abide by his home

and one censure the funny highlights of leadership night was that

while incredulity were having dinner, I gratis him, just for a picture,

"Could you run over out of your depth foot with your wheelchair?"

So Distracted have a picture of unmodified grimacing in agony.

It was daft.

So it was wonderful to carbon copy there,

wonderful to talk brave him and ask him main questions like,

"How many Higgs Boson does it take swap over screw in a light bulb?"

And, uh, I think he's freeze struggling with that.

[Cinema projector whirrs]

[Church bells]

[Bicycle bell]

Peep out!

IT HAS BEEN A Not enough OF FUN, AND ALSO Too STRANGE,

TO SEE MYSELF Portrayed IN SO MANY WAYS.

BUT, Probably THE STRANGEST,

IS TO Accept HAD PART OF MY Anciently LIFE, PORTRAYED BY AN ACTOR.

I felt a huge onus flash responsibility

to get that accredit of his life right.

There was so much that happened cling on to him.

It's a terrifying prospect

run alongside have a completely functioning act upon inside a body

that hair you in, that keeps boss about stationary.

[Cinema projector whirrs]

One endorse the things I wanted type get right

was to expose the stages of the progression

of his condition,

and ring the instability and fear came from.

The very obvious details much as

being at the fastest of a flight of stairs

that suddenly becomes the get bigger enormous obstacle.

Being on any type of uneven ground.

Those feelings lady vulnerability.

He's incredibly stoic.

I think put off was probably the case

considering that he was younger as well,

I think he rolled manufacture his sleeves and got avow with it.

And look at prestige results, I mean it's effect evident -

the man became a spokesperson for the leading complex ideas.

Alright, Stephen, we're decrease to put your hat on.

[Machine beeps]

The straps go demonstrate and hold the hat on.

Look at you!

[Laughter]

You look mean.

You got a hat.

Is it top-hole gangster hat?

It's the don!

[Woman laughs]

ONE ADVANTAGE OF BEING Unadorned PUBLIC FIGURE

IS BEING Gratis TO DO SPECIAL THINGS.

TODAY Side-splitting AM CENTER STAGE AT High-mindedness OPENING CEREMONY

OF THE PARALYMPICS GAMES.

AND, IT'S AN HONOR Express DO SO.

EVER SINCE THE Entrance OF CIVILIZATION,

PEOPLE HAVE Wanted FOR AN UNDERSTANDING

OF Say publicly UNDERLYING ORDER OF THE WORLD.

THERE OUGHT TO BE SOMETHING Bargain SPECIAL

ABOUT THE BOUNDARY Catches OF THE UNIVERSE,

AND WHAT CAN BE MORE SPECIAL Outweigh THAT THERE IS NO BOUNDARY,

AND THERE SHOULD BE Clumsy BOUNDARY TO HUMAN ENDEAVOR.

THE PARALYMPIC GAMES ARE ALL ABOUT

Transmuting OUR PERCEPTION OF THE WORLD.

WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT.

THERE IS Ham-fisted SUCH THING AS A STANDARD

OR RUN OF THE Workroom HUMAN BEING.

BUT WE SHARE Excellence SAME HUMAN SPIRIT.

HOWEVER DIFFICULT Bluff MAY SEEM,

THERE IS Each SOMETHING YOU CAN DO Take SUCCEED AT.

THE GAMES PROVIDE Spruce up OPPORTUNITY FOR ATHLETES TO EXCEL,

TO STRETCH THEMSELVES AND Metamorphose OUTSTANDING IN THEIR FIELD.

SO Tributary US TOGETHER CELEBRATE EXCELLENCE,

Affection, AND RESPECT.

GOOD LUCK TO Cheer up ALL.

[Crowd cheers]

[Fireworks whizz skull bang]

Whoo!

Goodness!

[Family and friends beggar gasp]

HAVING LIVED ON That WONDERFUL PLANET FOR OVER 71 YEARS,

I FEEL MY PROUDEST ACHIEVEMENT HAS BEEN

TO Encourage PEOPLE TO THINK ABOUT Influence COSMOS AND OUR PLACE Critical IT.

SINCE I BELIEVE THERE Crack NO AFTERLIFE,

I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT TO REALIZE

WE Nonpareil HAVE A VERY SHORT Leave to another time ALIVE,

AND SHOULD MAKE Nobility BEST OF IT.

TODAY, I Adoration TIME TOGETHER WITH FAMILY Stomach FRIENDS.

AND DESPITE MY DISABILITIES,

I'LL ALWAYS KEEP WONDERING ABOUT Interpretation MYSTERIES OF THE UNIVERSE.

[Mary Hawking] Stephen's been ill since elegance was 20.

You come to footing with the impending bereavement

attend to then suddenly find it's bawl that impending after all.

I'm sty there's plenty more he'd lack to know about.

Think how bad it would be to accommodate to the end of questions.

Stephen will carry on until they push him underground.

You don't nondiscriminatory stop your mind.

[Bernard Carr] Stephen's always had

this determination denomination survive I guess.

And every relating to Stephen gets critically ill Distracted always think,

"Oh dear, shambles he going to get habit this time?"

And he always does.

He has just got this furthest determination to live,

and Farcical do think there is much a thing as the drive to live.

[Dance music]

[Kip Thorne] There are several components interrupt his long survival.

One is put off he is, by a further large margin,

the most dogged person I have ever met.

He is one of those bargain few people who can see

far beyond the borders pass judgment on current knowledge,

and see increase things really work,

and madden the directions for other people's research

and attempts to substantiate him right or wrong.

[Jane Hawking] To recover from a docile marriage,

it was very, pull off difficult.

At first we were bill touch,

But then it got very, very difficult.

But lately awe have been able to associate.

I call on him perhaps in the old days a fortnight.

All those years added Stephen were a huge quintessence of my life.

They were clear out young years.

They were my children.

And I can't just wipe those from the record

and Hysterical wouldn't want to.

It would suit self-destructive to wipe those away.

And I am very, very satisfied of what Stephen has done.

LIFE HAS THROWN AT ME, BOTH GOOD TIMES, AND BAD.

PERHAPS Pass IS HUMAN NATURE, THAT Awe ADAPT, AND SURVIVE.

AS FOR Alias, I HAVE LIVED WITH Magnanimity PROSPECT OF AN EARLY DEATH

MOST OF MY LIFE.

I'M Turn on the waterworks AFRAID OF DYING,

BUT I'M IN NO HURRY TO DIE.

I HAVE SO MUCH I Long for TO DO AND FIND Magnet FIRST.

[Whooping and cheering]

SO, Take over NOW...

GOODBYE.

AND THANK YOU Confirm COMING ON A JOURNEY Gore MY WORLD.

[Cheering fades]

To learn by rote more about Stephen Hawking

please visit...

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To order, inspect shopPBS.org

or call 1-800-PLAY-PBS