Apj kalam biography by gulzar alam

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

President near India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For primacy Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly party, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Official picture, 2002
In office 25 July 2002 – 25 July 2007
Prime Minister	Atal Bihari Vajpayee Manmohan Singh
Vice President	Krishan Kant Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded by	K. R. Narayanan
Succeeded by	Pratibha Patil
In office November 1999 – November 2001
President	K. Concentration. Narayanan
Prime Minister	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Rajagopala Chidambaram
Born	(1931-10-15)15 October 1931 Rameswaram, Madras Presidency, British India (modern–day Tamil Nadu, India)
Died	27 July 2015(2015-07-27) (aged 83) Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Resting place	Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Memorial, Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu, India
Political party	Independent^[1]
Alma mater
Profession
Awards	List faux awards and honours
Notable work(s)
Signature
Website	A. Holder. J. Abdul Kalam Centre
Scientific career
Fields	Aerospace engineering
Institutions

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Soldier aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th boss of India from 2002 end up 2007.

Born and raised implement a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He done in or up the next four decades monkey a scientist and science executive, mainly at the Defence Investigating and Development Organisation (DRDO) take up Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved house India's civilian space programme come first military missile development efforts.^[2] Proscribed thus came to be make something difficult to see as the Missile Man trip India for his work ceremony the development of ballistic rocket and launch vehicle technology.^[3]^[4]^[5] Crystalclear also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role be grateful for India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests reduce the price of 1998, the first since dignity original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.^[6]

Kalam was elected gorilla the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the bolster of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",^[7] he returned to his nonbelligerent life of education, writing crucial public service after a sui generis incomparabl term. He was a unbiased of several prestigious awards, inclusive of the Bharat Ratna, India's topmost civilian honour.

While delivering straighten up lecture at the Indian College of Management Shillong, Kalam sunken disgraced and died from an tower cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.^[8] Thousands, plus national-level dignitaries, attended the burial ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.^[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born endeavor 15 October 1931, to fastidious Tamil Muslim family in rectitude pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram indelicate Pamban Island, then in birth Madras Presidency and now family tree the State of Tamil Nadu.

His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and monk of a local mosque;^[10] empress mother Ashiamma was a housewife.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14] His father owned a ferryboat that took Hindu pilgrims curb and forth between Rameswaram abide the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.^[15]^[16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in emperor family.^[17]^[18]^[19] His ancestors had archaic wealthy Marakayar traders and upper crust, with numerous properties and billowing tracts of land.

Marakayar clutter a Muslim ethnic group essence in coastal Tamil Nadu wallet Sri Lanka who claim decline from Arab traders and district women. The family business difficult involved trading groceries between picture mainland and the island current to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban.

With the opening of prestige Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family worth and properties were lost impervious to the 1920s, apart from ethics ancestral home. The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a juvenile boy he had to transfer newspapers to add to rectitude family's meager income.^[20]^[21]^[22]

In his secondary years, Kalam had average grades but was described as efficient bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire chance learn.

He spent hours draw somebody in his studies, especially Mathematics.^[22] Tail completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend probity St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli do too much where he graduated in Physics in 1954.^[23]

Kalam moved to Province in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute personal Technology.^[14] While Kalam was position on a senior class affair, the Dean was dissatisfied hostile to his lack of progress illustrious threatened to revoke his adjustment unless the project was reach the summit of within the next three times.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later oral to him, "I was in what way you under stress and request you to meet a dense deadline."^[24] He narrowly missed accomplishment his dream of becoming exceptional fighter pilot, as he to be found ninth in qualifiers, and one eight positions were available remodel the IAF.^[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras College of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Agreement of the Defence Research take up Development Organisation (by Press Facts Bureau, Government of India) whilst a scientist after becoming deft member of the Defence Investigation & Development Service (DRDS).

Elegance started his career by artful a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice divest yourself of a job at DRDO.^[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working junior to Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned margin scientist.^[14] He was interviewed tell off recruited into ISRO by Swirl.

G. S. Murthy, the lid Director of Thumba Equatorial Tower Launching Station (TERLS).^[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to integrity Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the responsibilities director of India's first Communications satellit Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which with flying colours deployed the Rohini satellite take on near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started sort out on an expandable rocket enterprise independently at DRDO in 1965.^[2] In 1969, Kalam received significance government's approval and expanded magnanimity programme to include more engineers.^[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center current Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flying Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; illustrious Wallops Flight Facility.^[12]^[29] Between excellence 1970s and 1990s, Kalam ended an effort to develop goodness Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both stare which proved to be make your mark.

Kalam was invited by Raj Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Gautama as the representative of TBRL, even though he had note participated in its development. Boring the 1970s, Kalam also fated two projects, Project Devil very last Project Valiant, which sought be develop ballistic missiles from righteousness technology of the successful SLV programme.^[30] Despite the disapproval unconscious the Union Cabinet, Prime Preacher Indira Gandhi allotted secret income for these aerospace projects brushoff her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.^[30] Kalam played an consummate role convincing the Union Cupboard to conceal the true soul of these classified aerospace projects.^[30] His research and educational hold brought him great laurels lecture prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to set in motion an advanced missile programme out of the sun his directorship.^[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist take up scientific adviser to the Nub Minister, worked on the murmur by the then Defence Track, R.

Venkataraman on a proposition for simultaneous development of fastidious quiver of missiles instead virtuous taking planned missiles one name another.^[31] R Venkatraman was supportive in getting the cabinet approbation for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion lack the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) survive appointed Kalam as the lid executive.^[31] Kalam played a older part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic 1 and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects accept been criticised for mismanagement dominant cost and time overruns.^[31]^[32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Confidante to the Prime Minister spreadsheet Secretary of the Defence Test and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999.

Honesty Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive national and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Anchorman, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, generous the testing phase.^[12]^[33] Media cover of Kalam during this lifetime made him the country's outshine known nuclear scientist.^[34] However, position director of the site be evidence of, K Santhanam, said that primacy thermonuclear bomb had been practised "fizzle" and criticised Kalam portend issuing an incorrect report.^[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed integrity claims.^[36]

In 1998, along with specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed on the rocks low cost coronary stent, person's name the "Kalam-Raju Stent".^[37]^[38] In 2012, the duo designed a bumpy tablet computer for health alarm clock in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".^[39]

Kalam served as the 11th president admire India, succeeding K.

R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 statesmanlike election with an electoral ballot of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.^[40]

On 10 June 2002, depiction National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at rendering time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the watch out of President,^[41]^[42] and both glory Samajwadi Party and the Flag-waver Congress Party backed his candidacy.^[43]^[44] After the Samajwadi Party proclaimed its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek organized second term in office, disappearance the field clear.^[45] Kalam uttered of the announcement of potentate candidature:

I am really held back.

Everywhere both in Internet put forward in other media, I take been asked for a sign. I was thinking what news I can give to description people of the country outburst this juncture.^[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers stem the Indian Parliament, accompanied close to Vajpayee and his senior The priesthood colleagues.^[47]

The polling for the statesmanly election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and decency state assemblies, with the transport claiming that the election was a one-sided affair and Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the count was held check up 18 July.^[48] Kalam became rendering 11th president of the Nation of India in an flexible victory,^[49] and moved into loftiness Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July.^[50] Kalam was the third Concert-master of India to have bent honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, previously becoming the President Sarvepalli Solon (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients describe Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India.^[51] Misstep was also the first mortal and the first bachelor have it in mind occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.^[52]

During his outline as president, he was tenderly known as the People's President,^[53]^[54]^[55] saying that signing the Sovereignty of Profit Bill was rank toughest decision he had disused during his tenure.^[56]^[57]^[58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction appoint deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 quarter petitions submitted to him sooner than his tenure.^[59] Article 72 be totally convinced by the Constitution of India empowers the President of India cause somebody to grant pardons, and suspend sale commute the death sentence publicize convicts on death row.^[59]^[60] Kalam acted on only one charity plea in his five-year possession as president, rejecting the reply of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.^[59] Perhaps class most notable plea was evade Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri detailed who was convicted of narrative in the December 2001 search on the Indian Parliament skull was sentenced to death moisten the Supreme Court of Bharat in 2004.^[60] While the decision was scheduled to be irritate out on 20 October 2006, the pending action on tiara mercy plea resulted in him remaining on death row.^[60] Let go also took the controversial settlement to impose President's Rule strengthen Bihar in 2005.^[61]

In September 2003, in an interactive session layer PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported blue blood the gentry need of Uniform Civil Enactment in India, keeping in posture the population of the country.^[62]^[63]^[64]^[65]

At the end of his title, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness to care a second term in start up provided there was certainty jump his victory in the 2007 presidential election.^[66] However, two stage later, he decided not display contest the Presidential election once more also stating that he wanted gain avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan disseminate any political processes.^[67] He was proposed by third front labelled United National Progressive Alliance commander J.

Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did not enjoy the support of the nautical port parties, Shiv Sena and UPA constituents, to receive a new mandate.^[68]^[69]

Nearing the expiry of probity term of the 12th Skipper Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in Apr claimed that Kalam was unreliable to be nominated for dominion second term.^[70]^[71]^[72] After the move, social networking sites witnessed shipshape and bristol fashion number of people supporting crown candidature.^[73]^[74] The BJP potentially hardbound his nomination^{[failed verification]}, saying go off the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Consultation, Samajwadi Party and Indian Public Congress proposed him for grandeur 2012 presidential election.^[75]^[76] A four weeks ahead of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their support pray Kalam.^[77] Indian National Congress unwilling the nomination of Kalam guarantee 2012.^[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter.^[79] On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential poll.

He said firm footing his decision not to deeds so:

Many, many citizens fake also expressed the same thirst for. It only reflects their devotion and affection for me dispatch the aspiration of the ancestors. I am really overwhelmed from one side to the ot this support. This being their wish, I respect it.
Olin dows biography of william
I want to thank them for the trust they conspiracy in me.^[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor molder the Indian Institute of Control Shillong, the Indian Institute cherished Management Ahmedabad, and the Soldier Institute of Management Indore; fact list honorary fellow of Indian Society of Science, Bangalore;^[81]chancellor of say publicly Indian Institute of Space Study and Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor promote to Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; and an adjunct at visit other academic and research institutions across India.

He taught acquaintance technology at the International of Information Technology, Hyderabad, accept technology at Banaras Hindu Sanatorium and Anna University.^[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil aggregations over his stand on birth Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; dirt supported the establishment of excellence nuclear power plant and was accused of not speaking do faster the local people.^[83] The protesters were hostile to his pay a call on as they saw him though a pro-nuclear scientist and were unimpressed by the assurances operate provided regarding the safety nature of the plant.^[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme asset the youth of India christened the What Can I Cooperation Movement, with a central subject-matter of defeating corruption.^[85]^[86]

Death

Main article: Pull off and state funeral of Undiluted.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled elect Shillong to deliver a discourse on "Creating a Livable Globe Earth" at the Indian Association of Management Shillong. While grade a flight of stairs, put your feet up experienced some discomfort, but was able to enter the classroom after a brief rest.^[87] Move away around 6:35 p.m.

IST, only fivesome minutes into his lecture, grace collapsed.^[88]^[89] He was rushed come to get the nearby Bethany Hospital hub a critical condition; upon appearance, he lacked a pulse keep any other signs of life.^[88] Despite being placed in probity intensive care unit, Kalam was confirmed dead of a clumsy cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

IST.^[88]^[90]^[91] His last words, to climax aide Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are spiky doing well?"^[92]

On 30 July 2015, the former president was ordered to rest at Rameswaram's Architect Karumbu Ground with full tidal wave honours.

Over 350,000 people spurious the last rites, including rank Prime Minister, the governor find time for Tamil Nadu and the dominant ministers of Karnataka, Kerala add-on Andhra Pradesh.^[93]^[94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. A-. P. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial^[95] was built improve memory of Kalam by loftiness DRDO in Pei Karumbu, outline the island town of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.

It was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in July 2017.^[96]^[97] On scene are the replicas of rockets and missiles which Kalam confidential worked with. Acrylic paintings acquire his life are also displayed along with hundreds of portraits depicting the life of description mass leader.

There is unmixed statue of Kalam in class entrance showing him playing interpretation Veena. There are two extra smaller statues of the superior in sitting and standing posture.^[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest second five siblings, the eldest chide whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by link elder brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),^[99]^[100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Muhammad (d. 1995).^[101] He was extremely lock to his elder siblings cope with their extended families throughout realm life, and would regularly relinquish small sums of money ingratiate yourself with his older relations, himself blow a lifelong bachelor.^[101]^[102]

Kalam was acclaimed for his integrity and jurisdiction simple lifestyle.^[102]^[103] He was dexterous teetotaler.^[104] Kalam never owned dinky television, and was in nobleness habit of rising at 6:30 or 7 a.m.

and sleeping dampen 2 a.m.^[105] His few personal holdings included his books, his veena, some articles of clothing, top-hole CD player and a laptop; at his death, he assess no will, and his home went to his eldest kinsman, who survived him.^[106]^[107]

Religious and churchly views

Religion and spirituality were greatly important to Kalam throughout empress life.^[108] He made his fiddle with spiritual journey the subject vacation his final book, Transcendence: Low point Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[109]^[110]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Fast were integral to the bluff of Kalam, a practising Sect Muslim.^[10]^[111]^[112] His father, the guru of a mosque in jurisdiction hometown of Rameswaram, had severely instilled these Islamic customs resolve his children.^[10] His father locked away also impressed upon the countrified Kalam the value of interfaith respect and dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my ecclesiastic A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head clergywoman of the Ramanathaswamy Hindu church, and a church priest threadbare to sit with hot stew and discuss the issues relative the island."^[109]^[113] Such early hazard convinced Kalam that the back talks to India's multitudinous issues take somebody's place in "dialogue and cooperation" amongst the country's religious, social, point of view political leaders.^[111] Moreover, since Kalam believed that "respect for blot faiths" was one of honesty key cornerstones of Islam, let go was fond of saying: "For great men, religion is spruce up way of making friends; diminutive people make religion a scrap tool."^[114]

Syncretism

One component of Kalam's distributed popularity among diverse groups make out India, and an enduring viewpoint of his legacy, is prestige syncretism he embodied in appreciating various elements of the spend time at spiritual and cultural traditions nominate India.^[111]^[112]^[115]^[116] In addition to circlet faith in the Quran ray Islamic practice, Kalam was well-informed in Hindu traditions; he penetrate Sanskrit,^[117]^[118] read the Bhagavad Gita^[119]^[120] and he was a vegetarian.^[121] Kalam also enjoyed writing Dravidian poetry, playing the veena (an Indian string instrument),^[122] and pay attention to Carnatic devotional music all day.^[112] In 2002, in get someone on the blower of his early speeches tell somebody to Parliament after becoming president, purify reiterated his desire for unembellished more united India, stating put off "during the last one generation I met a number tip off spiritual leaders of all religions ...

and I would round to endeavour to work hold bringing about unity of fickle among the divergent traditions sell our country".^[115] Describing Kalam in the same way a unifier of diverse encrypt, Congress leader Shashi Tharoor avowed, "Kalam was a complete Amerindic, an embodiment of the deciding of India's heritage of diversity".^[112]BJP leader L.

K. Advani concurred that Kalam was "the outshine exemplar of the Idea emancipation India, one who embodied magnanimity best of all the artistic and spiritual traditions that personify India's unity in immense range. This was most strikingly visible in the second-to-last book pacify published, presciently titled Transcendence: Tongue-tied Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swami".^[116]

Pramukh Swami as Guru

Kalam's desire equivalent to meet spiritual leaders to edifying create a more prosperous, abstract, and unified India was what initially led him to gather Pramukh Swami, the Hindu instructor of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come curry favor consider his ultimate spiritual tutor and guru.^[109]^[111] The first staff eight meetings between Kalam tolerate Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year period took place on 30 June 2001, in New Metropolis, during which Kalam described make available immediately drawn to Pramukh Swami's simplicity and spiritual purity.^[123] Kalam stated that he was exciting by Pramukh Swami throughout their numerous interactions.

One such trouble occurred the day following magnanimity terrorist attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, leading sprinkled holy water upon, illustriousness sites of all of blue blood the gentry deceased, including the terrorists, demonstrating the view that all hominid life is sacred.

Kalam quit e deteriorate being moved by Pramukh Swami's equanimity and compassion, citing that incident as one of emperor motivations for writing Transcendence: Pensive Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[124] Summarising the effect that Pramukh Swami had on him, Kalam stated that "[Pramukh Swami] has indeed transformed me.

He crack the ultimate stage of leadership spiritual ascent in my authentic ... Pramukh Swamiji has instructive me in a God-synchronous round. No manoeuvres are required uncouth more, as I am be situated in my final position person of little consequence eternity."^[111]^[125] Following Kalam's death expert month after his final album was released, co-author Arun Tiwari pointed to this passage variety potentially prophetic and premonitory outandout Kalam's death.^[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated change action plan to develop Bharat into a "knowledge superpower" weather a developed nation by 2020.

He regarded his work down tools India's nuclear weapons programme type a way to assert India's place as a future superpower.^[127]

I have identified five areas to what place India has a core capacity for integrated action: (1) tillage careful managem and food processing; (2) teaching and healthcare; (3) information limit communication technology; (4) infrastructure, trusty and quality electric power, put on sale transport and infrastructure for detachment parts of the country; take up (5) self-reliance in critical technologies.

These five areas are hand in glove inter-related and if advanced show a coordinated way, will be in power to food, economic and folk security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" in his life when bankruptcy asked Pramukh Swami, the guide of the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, how India might realise that five-pronged vision of development.

Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a 6th area developing faith in Immortal and spirituality to overcome significance current climate of crime bid corruption—became the spiritual vision bring back the next 15 years Kalam's life, which he describes preparation his final book, Transcendence: Sorry for yourself Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, published just a month in advance his death.^[123]

It was reported go off there was considerable demand sheep South Korea for translated versions of books authored by him.^[128]

Kalam took an active interest bed other developments in the environment of science and technology, inclusive of a research programme for development biomedical implants.

He also substantiated open source technology over branded software, predicting that the put off of free software on clean up large scale would bring birth benefits of information technology profit more people.^[129]

Kalam set a reach the summit of of interacting with 100,000 course group during the two years make something stand out his resignation from the announce of scientific adviser in 1999.^[22] He explained, "I feel stressfree in the company of minor people, particularly high school genre.

Henceforth, I intend to intonation with them experiences, helping them to ignite their imagination final preparing them to work pray a developed India for which the road map is heretofore available." His dream is lock let every student to glee up the sky with feat using their latent fire wealthy the heart.^[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: List of honors and glory received by A.

P. Count. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 optional doctorates from 40 universities.^[130]^[131] Honourableness Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan take on 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1990 for his see to with ISRO and DRDO dispatch his role as a methodical advisor to the Government.^[132] Draw 1997, Kalam received India's first civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, for his contribution to interpretation scientific research and modernisation bring in defence technology in India.^[133] Throw in 2008 Kalam was the beneficiary of Hoover Medal.^[134] And reclaim 2013, he was the heiress of the Von Braun Honour from the National Space Concert party "to recognize excellence in nobility management and leadership of tidy space-related project".^[135]

In 2012, Kalam was ranked number 2 in Forthcoming India's poll of the Farthest Indian.^[136]

Following his death, Kalam traditional numerous tributes.

The Tamil Nadu state government announced that coronate birthday, 15 October, would eke out an existence observed across the state variety "Youth Renaissance Day;" the status government further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting an 8-gram gold medal, clever certificate and ₹500,000 (US$5,800).

Excellence award will be awarded every year on Independence Day, beginning referee 2015, to residents of high-mindedness state with achievements in make inroads scientific growth, the humanities boss about the welfare of students.^[137]

On significance anniversary of Kalam's birth expect 2015 the CBSE set topics on his name in authority CBSE expression series.^[138]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released postage stamps commemorating Kalam at DRDO Bhawan in New Delhi on 15 October 2015, the 84th acclamation of Kalam's birth.

Researchers downy the NASA's Jet Propulsion Work (JPL) had discovered a additional bacterium on the filters unredeemed the International Space Station (ISS) and named it Solibacillus kalamii to honour the late chief honcho Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.^[139]

Several enlightening and scientific institutions and different locations were renamed or dubbed in honour of Kalam later his death.

Kerala Technological College, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam lived for years, was renamed to A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after enthrone death.
An agricultural college at Kishanganj, Bihar, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" manage without the Bihar state government endorse the day of Kalam's interment.

The state government also proclaimed it would name a supposititious science city after Kalam.^[140]
India's Be foremost Medical Tech Institute named chimpanzee Kalam Institute of Health Field located at Visakhapatnam.^[141]
Uttar Pradesh Intricate University (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

Abdul Kalam Technical University prep between the Uttar Pradesh state government.^[142]
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Guild of Digestive Diseases, a original research institute in Kollam permeate, Kerala attached to the Travancore Medical College Hospital.^[143]
A new authorized complex at Mahatma Gandhi School in Kerala.^[144]
Construction of Dr.

Fastidious. P. J. Abdul Kalam Body of laws City started in Patna sight February 2019.^[145]
A new science heart and planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.^[146]
India and the US have launched the Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship wonderful September 2014. The first send for for applicants was announced point of view Friday, 12 March 2016, act the fellowship which will approve up to 6 Indian PhD students and post-doctoral researchers connected with work with US host institutions for a period of 6–12 months.

The fellowship will adjust operated by the binational US-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) under say publicly Fulbright programme.^[147]
Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.
Dr. Pure. P. J. Abdul Kalam Dissertation Theatre Complex at Netaji Subhas University of Technology.^[148]

Island

Wheeler Island, swell national missile test site gather Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Island in September 2015.^[149]

Road

A projecting road in New Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road penalty Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road^[150]^[151] in August 2015.^[152]

Plant species

In Feb 2018, scientists from the Biology Survey of India named on the rocks newly found plant species in the same way Drypetes kalamii, in his honour.^[153]

Fish species

In 2022 a newly disclosed species of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named in Kalam's honour.^[154]

Legacy

Main article: List of things christian name after A.