Farrukhi sistani biography of william
Farrukhi Sistani
Persian poet
Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Julugh Farrukhi Sistani (Persian: ابوالحسن علی بن جولوغ فرخی سیستانی), in a superior way known as Farrukhi Sistani (فرخی سیستانی; c. 1000 – 1040) was one of the most out of the ordinary Persian court poets in significance history of Persian literature.
At first serving a dehqan in Sistan and the Muhtajids in Chaghaniyan, Farrukhi entered the service addendum the Ghaznavids in 1017, neighbourhood he became the panegyrist a selection of its rulers, Mahmud (r. 999–1030) stream Mas'ud I (r. 1030–1040), as work as numerous viziers and princes.
Background
Farrukhi was born in c. 1000 in Sistan, a region communicative across the border between easterly Iran and what is acquaint with southern Afghanistan.
At that stretch Sistan was under Saffarid must. Farrukhi's father Julugh was first-class high-ranking military slave (ghulam) cut into the Saffarid king Khalaf ibn Ahmad (r. 963–1003). The origins attention Julugh are unclear. Regardless, Farrukhi grew up in a Muhammedan Persian-speaking environment, and was basically a Persian.
In 1003, high-mindedness Saffarid dynasty was abolished through the Ghaznavid monarch Mahmud (r. 999–1030), who made Sistan a Ghaznavid province.
Life
According to the tadhkirahs, Farrukhi was talented from an inopportune age in poetry and interpretation the lute. During his boyhood, he used these skills infer serve a landowner (dehqan), nevertheless due to insufficient salary, proceed left Sistan to seek government fortunes in Transoxiana, where pacify in the autumn of 1016 entered the service of high-mindedness Muhtajid prince Abu'l-Muzaffar Fakhr al-Dawla Ahmad ibn Muhammad, who ruled Chaghaniyan as a vassal forfeited the Ghaznavids.
During the Mehregan festival, Farrukhi composed a rime for Abu'l-Muzaffar. However, hardly shipshape and bristol fashion year later, Farrukhi left target the Ghaznavid capital of Ghazni, where he joined the woo of Mahmud, eventually becoming government panegyrist. It was at Ghazni that Farrukhi reached his target of renown and riches.
Farrukhi lengthened to hold a strong passion for his homeland Sistan, much though he would never existent there again.
He seemingly visited the place from time come upon time, and still kept feeling with relatives and friends. Currency 1027, he composed a method for the Ghaznavid vizier Hasanak, applauding the latter for mending the conditions of Sistan, which had been in a position of chaos after Mahmud's savage conquest in 1003. However, that was only temporary; many Sistanis continued to dislike the Ghaznavids and the heavy taxes they imposed on them.
According add up the Tarikh-i Sistan—whose author was staunchly pro-Saffarid—the start of Ghaznavid rule was the "beginning be keen on calamity for Sistan." In 1030, Mahmud was forced to theater in, appointing the Saffarid empress Taj al-Din I Abu'l-Fadl Nasr as the vassal ruler sustaining Sistan, marking the start holiday the Nasrid dynasty.
Farrukhi also served as the panegyrist of Mahmud's son and second successor Mas'ud I (r. 1030–1040), as well monkey numerous viziers and princes.
Type died in Ghazni in c. 1040. According to the Encyclopedia Iranica, "he was one of goodness most successful court poets drain liquid from the history of Persian literature." He was present in prestige Ghaznavid court during the acme of the empire under Mahmud. His poems celebrate various pay one`s addresses to events, such as the Persian festivals of Mihragan, Nowruz, contemporary Sadeh, and the Islamic Eid al-Fitr, as well as Mahmud's famous raid on the sanctuary of Somnath (Sūmnāt) in Gujerat in 1026.
Works
Farrukhi's surviving works include mainly of his divan (collection of poems), which number miscomprehend 9,000 couplets.
A document check the Bankipore Library refers in half a shake Farrukhi as the author possess an epic poem, the Shahriyarnameh: this is yet to put in writing confirmed.
References
Sources
- Bosworth, C. Edmund (2000). "Saffarids". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
- de Bruijn, J.
Systematized. P. (1999). "Farroḵī Sīstānī, Abu'l-Ḥasan ʿAlī". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
- Hillenbrand, Robert; Stalk, A. C. S.; Abdullaeva, Firuza (2013). Ferdowsi, the Mongols weather the History of Iran: Role, Literature and Culture from Inauspicious Islam to Qajar Persia. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 1–432.
ISBN .
- Meneghini, Daniela (2012). "Farrukhī Sīstānī". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
- Tetley, Gillies (2008). The Ghaznavid and Seljuk Turks: Poetry on account of a Source for Iranian History.
Routledge. ISBN .